Thinking And Language

Front 1

In her research, Professor Kyoto seeks to identify circumstances in which confirmation bias is especially likely to impede effective problem solving. Which specialty area does her research best represent?

Back 1

cognitive psychology

Front 2

Arnold had difficulty recognizing that bullfighting was a sport because it failed to resemble his ________ of a sport.

Back 2

prototype

Front 3

In attempting to find and purchase high-quality cosmetics, Megan reminds herself that the most expensive brands are the best. Megan’s self-reminder illustrates the use of:

Back 3

a heuristic

Front 4

A defense attorney emphasizes to a jury that her client works full-time, supports his family, and enjoys leisure-time hobbies. Although none of this information is relevant to the trial, it is designed to make the defendant appear to be a typical member of the local community. The lawyer is most clearly seeking to take advantage of:

Back 4

the representativeness heuristic

Front 5

Because he erroneously believes that older workers are not as motivated as younger workers to work hard, a factory foreman is especially vigilant for any signs of laziness among his senior workers. His supervision strategy best illustrates:

Back 5

confirmation bias

Front 6

Prompt feedback regarding your performance on psychology practice tests is most likely to inhibit:

Back 6

overconfidence

Front 7

Brutus believes that men enjoy watching professional football and that women are categorically distinct from men. His gender stereotypes are so strong, however, that he mistakenly reasons from these premises the illogical conclusion that women do not enjoy watching professional football. His reasoning difficulty best illustrates:

Back 7

belief bias

Front 8

When her professor failed to recognize that Judy had her hand raised for a question, Judy began to think her professor was unfriendly. Although she subsequently learned that the professor’s limited vision kept him from seeing her raised hand, she continued thinking the professor was unfriendly. Judy’s reaction best illustrates:

Back 8

belief perseverance

Front 9

The word “chimps” contains ________ phoneme(s) and ________ morpheme(s).

Back 9

5; 2

Front 10

In the English language, adjectives are typically placed before nouns as in “green car.” This illustrates an English language rule of:

Back 10

syntax

Front 11

Vocal sounds that are not included in one’s native language first begin to disappear from usage during the ________ stage of language development.

Back 11

babbling

Front 12

Which language theorist would have been most likely to emphasize that children master the rule for forming the past tense of regular verbs like “push” before they learn common past tense constructions of irregular verbs like “go”?

Back 12

Chomsky

Front 13

Exposure to language during a critical period is conducive for effectively establishing the settings of a child’s:

Back 13

language acquisition device

Front 14

Pigeons can reliably discriminate pictures of cars from pictures of chairs. This best illustrates their capacity to develop:

Back 14

concepts

Front 15

During a lecture, your professor says, “A child learns language as he interacts with caregivers.” This generic use of the pronoun he is more likely to trigger images of males than of females. This best illustrates the impact of:

Back 15

language on thinking