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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What 4 things must be present for DNA replication? |
The Original DNA Template, Free DNA Nucleotides, DNA Polymerase and Primers. |
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What is a Primer? |
A short section of RNA nucleotides which serve as a starting point for DNA. |
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What is the first stage of DNA Replication? |
DNA is unwound. The hydrogen bonds between the bases are broken and the DNA is 'unzipped'. |
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What is the second stage of DNA Replication? |
DNA polymerase adds DNA nucleotides in a 5’ to 3’ direction. A primer is needed to start replication. The leading strand is synthesised continuously whilst the lagging strand is synthesised in fragments. |
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What is the third stage of DNA Replication? |
The two new strands twist to form a double helix. Each is identical to the original strand |
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Why is the lagging strand made in fragments? |
Because nucleotides cannot be added to the phosphate (5’) end. |
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Which two enzymes are involved with DNA Replication? |
DNA Polymerase and DNA Ligase |
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What is the purpose of DNA Polymerase? |
To add nucleotides to a growing strand of DNA by catalysing the formation of the bond between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next. |
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What is the purpose of DNA Ligase? |
To join the fragments of DNA together. |
