The Nervous System & Exercise (Chap 3)

Front 1

synapse

Back 1

junction or gap between neurons; this is where neurotransmitters will pass through to go to the post synaptic neuron.

Front 2

neurotransmitter

Back 2

chemical messengers that relay messages across the synaptic cleft. they will bind to receptors on the post synaptic neuron and start graded potentials (inhibitory or excitatory)

Front 3

acetyl choline

Back 3

stimulates skeletal muscle contraction and mediates parasympathetic nervous system effects.

Front 4

nor epinephrine

Back 4

mediates sympathetic nervous system effects.

Front 5

neuromuscular junction

Back 5

the location where somatic motor neurons innervate skeletal muscle fibers.

Front 6

Parts of the Nervous System

Back 6

CNS - PNS
| Sensory Motor
|
autonomic somatic
|
sympathetic parasympathetic

Front 7

Brain structures

Back 7

cerebrum, diencephalon, cerebellum, brain stem

Front 8

Cerebral cortex characteristics and function

Back 8

belongs on the outer part of the cerebrum
color is gray (non myelinated)
FUNCTION: conscious brain, our awareness and intelligence.

Front 9

primary motor cortex

Back 9

the precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe in the cerebrum
FUNCTION: conscious control of skeletal muscle movement; where the plan is made.

Front 10

premotor cortex

Back 10

Part of the cerebrum
FUNCTION: involved with storage/ retrieval of movement plans.

Front 11

basal ganglia

Back 11

part of the cerebrum, clusters of cell bodies deep inside the cerebral cortex
FUNCTIONS:helps initiate sustained or repetitive movements.

Front 12

primary sensory cortex

Back 12

On the parietal lobe side of the cerebrum

FUNCTION: site of sensory input/ interpretation.

Front 13

hypothalamus

Back 13

regulates homeostasis, controls endocrine releases, appetite, thirst, sleep, blood pressure, heart rate, breathing, body temperature

Front 14

cerebellum

Back 14

controls rapid complex movements and coordinates timing, sequence.

They receive input from primary and sensory neurons to help refine the movements they are trying to carry out to the muscles.

Front 15

mechanoreceptors

Back 15

senses physical force

Front 16

thermoreceptors

Back 16

senses temperature

Front 17

nociceptors

Back 17

senses pain

Front 18

chemreceptors

Back 18

senses light

Front 19

proprioceptors

Back 19

senses chemical stimuli

Front 20

muscle spindles

Back 20

they are sensitive to muscle length or changes with the muscle; therefore it causes the spindles to stretch

Front 21

golgi tendon organs

Back 21

sensitive to tension in the tendon; receives the stretch of the muscle contraction. part of stopping contraction

Front 22

What does acetylcholine bind to?

Back 22

Cholinergic receptors

Front 23

What does Norepinephrine bind to?

Back 23

adrenergic receptors

Front 24

The brain has two hemispheres that

Back 24

are connected by corpus callosum and allow intercommunication between each hemisphere.