Exercise Physiology

Front 1

Untrained young adult vo2 max?

Back 1

40-50ml /kg/min

Front 2

Untrained adult vo2max?

Back 2

25-45ml /kg/min

Front 3

elite endurance athlete vo2max?

Back 3

70-90ml /kg/min

Front 4

haemoglobin saturation at max work out?

Back 4

95%

Front 5

Cardiac output of trained athlete?

Back 5

40L/min

Front 6

Cardiac output of untrained person?

Back 6

25L/min

Front 7

Heart size endurance adaptation?

Back 7

Volume overload

Front 8

Heart size resistance adaptation?

Back 8

Pressure overload

Front 9

Max SV untrained?

Back 9

80-110ml

Front 10

Max SV Trained

Back 10

130-150ml

Front 11

Max SV elite athlete?

Back 11

160-210ml

Front 12

untrained SV?

Back 12

55-75ml

Front 13

rest HR untrained?

Back 13

70-80b/min

Front 14

rest HR Trained?

Back 14

50-60b/min

Front 15

Rest HR elite athlete?

Back 15

30-50b/min

Front 16

Why might CO be slightly lower in trained individuals at rest?

Back 16

Greater o2 extraction by muscles therefore less oxygen and thus blood required therefore less CO

Front 17

Untrained max CO?

Back 17

14-20L/min

Front 18

Trained max CO?

Back 18

25-35L/min

Front 19

Elite athletes max CO?

Back 19

Over 40L/min

Front 20

Blood pressure and exercise?

Back 20

Slightly lower BP during submax exercise

Slightly higher systolic BP during max exercise

Front 21

In trained individuals blood volume increases by how much?

Back 21

20-25%

Front 22

Blood volume characteristics of trained individual?

Back 22

Higher volume. (Mostly plasma --> thinner blood)
Increase in RBC (Very small)
Haematocrit goes down.

Results in increased SV

Front 23

Rate pressure product is what?

Back 23

measure of stress put on the cardiac muscle based on HR & systolic BP
-> good indicator of energy demand & consumption of the heart.

Front 24

Running economy is?

Back 24

How much o2 you need to get to a given speed.
Key determinant of performance.

Front 25

Vo2 rest?

Back 25

3.5ml/kg/min
1Met

Front 26

Anaerobic threshold is useful for what?

Back 26

determining the running pace in aerobic competition events.

Front 27

Fuel reserves in an average man?

Back 27

Blood glucose - 20g
Liver glycogen - 90g
muscle glycogen - 350g
triglycerol - 9000g
protein - 8800g

Front 28

3 flux limiting enzymes

Back 28

Glycogen phosphorylase
Phosphofructokinase
Pyruvate dehydrogenase

Front 29

Lactic acid buffering improved by what?

Back 29

Frequent anaerobic training

Front 30

Slow twitch
Fast twitch

Back 30

Slow - more efficient at using o2 to generate ATP for continuous extended exercise. Fatigue over a long time

Fast - Use anaerobic to generate ATP therefore fatigue easily. Good for short bursts of energy

Front 31

how much energy does 1g of CHO yield?

Back 31

16kj (4kcal)

Front 32

How much does 1g of protein yield?

Back 32

17kj (4kcal)

Front 33

most essential amino acids?

Back 33

Phenylalanine, leucine, methionine

Front 34

How much does 1g of fat yield?

Back 34

37kj (9kcal)

Front 35

good fats?

Back 35

Monosaturated fats

Front 36

Where is vit A stored?

Back 36

Liver

Front 37

Minerals in large amounts?

Back 37

P, Ca, Na, K

Front 38

BMI

Back 38

Kg/M2

Front 39

Classification of BMI?

Back 39

Underweight <18.5
Normal 18.5 - 25
Overweight >25
Pre obese 25 - 30
Obese 30 - 35
Obesity II 35 - 40
Obesity III >40

Front 40

Type II diabetes

Back 40

Non insulin dependant

Diets high in saturated fat

25% of sufferers get retinopathy

Front 41

Preventing Type II diabetes

Back 41

Non starch polysaccharides (fibre) -> protective effects.

Unsaturated fats

Less sodium

More unprocessed CHO

Front 42

How much we eat?

Back 42

50% CHO

35% Fat

15% Protein

Front 43

Amount of ATP in body and consumption of ATP per hour?

Back 43

80-100g

1.6KG per hr