The Human Body

Front 1

Define Anatomy:

Back 1

The study of the structure of the human body

Front 2

Define Physiology:

Back 2

The study of body function

Front 3

Define Functional Anatomy:

Back 3

Relationship between anatomical structure and physiological function.

Front 4

Define Functional morphology:

Back 4

Examines the functional properties of body structures and assesses the efficiency of their design

Front 5

Explain the hierarchy of structural organization:

Back 5

1. Chemical Level: atoms form molecules
2. Cellular Level: cells and organelles.
3. Tissue Level: a group of cells performing a common function.
4. Organ Level: a discrete structure made up of more than one tissue.
5. Organ System: organs working together for a common purpose.
6. Organismal level: the result of all simpler levels working in unison.

Front 6

Describe 4 types of tissue:

Back 6

1. epithelial: covers the surface and line cavities. (Ex: skin and GI tract)
2. connective: body support and protects organs. (Ex: fat, ligaments, bone, cartilage & blood)
3. muscle: movement.
4. nervous: transmits electrical pulses.

Front 7

What is the function of Integumentary Sytem?

Back 7

-Forms external body covering (ex: the skin)
-Protects deeper tissues from injury.
-Synthesizes vitamin D.
-Site of cutaneous receptors (pain, pressure,etc.) and sweat and oil glands.

Front 8

What are the functions of Skeletal System?

Back 8

-Protects and supports body organs.
-Provides a framework for muscles.
-Blood cells formed within bones.
-Stores minerals.

Front 9

What are the functions of the muscular system?

Back 9

-Allowa manipulation of environment.
-Locomotion
-Facial expression
-Maintains posture.
-Produces heat.

Front 10

What are the functions of nervous system?

Back 10

-Fast acting control system.
-Responds to internal and external changes.

Front 11

What are the function of Endocrine system?

Back 11

Glands secrete hormones that regulate growth, reproduction and nutrient use.

Front 12

What are the functions of cardiovascular systems?

Back 12

-Blood vessels transport blood:
1. Carries oxygen and carbon dioxide.
2. Also carries nutrients and wastes.
-Heart pumps blood

Front 13

What are the functions of digestive system?

Back 13

-Breaks down food into absorbable units.
-Indigestible foodstuffs eliminated as feces.

Front 14

What are the functions of urinary system?

Back 14

-Eliminates nitrogenous wastes
-Regulates water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance.

Front 15

What are the functions of male and female reproductive systems?

Back 15

- Overall function is to produce offspring
-Testes produce sperm and male sex hormones.
-Ovaries produce eggs and female sex hormones
-Mammary glands produce milk

Front 16

What are the 3 body planes and sections?

Back 16

1. Coronal (frontal) plane: lies vertically and divides body ito anterior and posterior parts.
2. Median (midsagittal) plane: specific saittal plane that lies vertically in the midline.
3. Transverse plane: Runs horizontally and divides body into superior and inferior parts.

Front 17

What are the functions of lympathic system?

Back 17

1. Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels.
2. Disposes of debris in the lymphatic system.
3. Houses white blood cells (lymphocytes)
4. Mounts attack against foreign substances in the body.

Front 18

What are the functions of respiratory systems?

Back 18

1. Keeps blood supplied with oxygen.
2. Removes carbon dioxide.
3. Gas exchange occurs through walls of air sacs in the lungs.