Test 4

Front 1

Harry wants to lose 50 pounds. Most experts would recommend that he should

Back 1

decrease his food intake and increase his exercise, both in moderate ways.

Front 2

Which of the following is NOT good advice for devising an exercise program?

Back 2

You should try to “exercise through” any minor injuries.

Front 3

When a person must continue to take a drug in order to avoid withdrawal illness, the person has developed

Back 3

physical dependence.

Front 4

Which of the following characteristics is most closely associated with the Type B personality?

Back 4

Easy-going

Front 5

Studies of the immune system in humans have found that stress

Back 5

is related to decreased levels of immune activity.

Front 6

Health risks after quitting smoking decline until they reach a normal level after about

Back 6

15 years.

Front 7

The _____ model proposes it is useful to think of abnormal behavior as a disease.

Back 7

medical

Front 8

The medical model has been criticized because it posits that abnormal behavior

Back 8

involves deviation from social norms rather than an illness.

Front 9

The judgment of the normality of an individual’s behavior can be based on whether

Back 9

he or she experiences personal distress. the behavior deviates from accepted social norms. his or her everyday adaptive functioning is impaired.

Front 10

Which of the following statements is true?

Back 10

It is usually not easy to divide people into distinct normal and abnormal groups.

Front 11

Comorbidity is

Back 11

the coexistence of two or more disorders.

Front 12

Estimates of lifetime prevalence suggest that psychological disorders are

Back 12

more common than most people realize.

Front 13

The class of disorders marked by feelings of excessive apprehension and anxiety is called

Back 13

anxiety disorders.

Front 14

Compulsion is to “action” as obsession is to

Back 14

thought.

Front 15

Jerry is terrified of snakes and refuses to read nature books to his son if there are pictures of snakes. He is probably suffering from

Back 15

phobic disorder.

Front 16

The famous industrialist Howard Hughes devised extraordinary rituals to minimize the possibility of being contaminated by germs. For example, he would sometimes spend hours methodically cleaning a telephone. Hughes’s behavior exemplifies which of the following disorders?

Back 16

Obsessive-compulsive disorder

Front 17

People who lose contact with portions of their consciousness or memory and experience disruptions in their sense of identity would most likely be considered as having which of the following types of disorders?

Back 17

Dissociative disorders

Front 18

According to your textbook, Abraham Lincoln, Ted Turner, and Kurt Cobain all suffered from

Back 18

severe mood disorders.

Front 19

In ______ disorders, people show persistent feelings of sadness and despair and a loss of interest in previous sources of pleasure.

Back 19

depressive

Front 20

Bipolar disorder was formerly known as _____ disorder.

Back 20

manic-depressive

Front 21

Phil has been talking to Bill about contemplating suicide. Bill can help Phil most by

Back 21

taking Phil’s talk seriously.

Front 22

Interpersonal roots of depression include all of the following EXCEPT

Back 22

attracting a supportive social network.

Front 23

Which disorder is characterized by profound impairment of social interaction and communication and by severely restricted interest and activities, apparent by the age of 3 years?

Back 23

Autistic spectrum disorder

Front 24

______ involves intense fear of gaining weight, disturbed body image, refusal to maintain normal weight, and dangerous measures to lose weight.

Back 24

Anorexia nervosa

Front 25

The Type A behavior pattern of anger and hostility is most closely linked to which of the following physical ailments?

Back 25

Coronary heart disease

Front 26

One accepted definition of stress is

Back 26

any circumstance that threatens well-being and taxes coping abilities.

Front 27

Whether or not an event is stressful is most likely to depend on

Back 27

how one appraises and adapts to the event.

Front 28

The notion that “stress lies in the eye of the beholder“ suggests that

Back 28

people’s appraisals of stressful events are highly subjective.

Front 29

Acute stressors

Back 29

are threatening events that have a relatively short duration and clear endpoint.

Front 30

Research has concluded that change is stressful

Back 30

whether it is undesirable or desirable.

Front 31

The fight-or-flight response is a reaction that begins in response to a threat. This is a(n) _________ reaction.

Back 31

involuntary

Front 32

In humans, the fight-or-flight response is less adaptive than it was in ancestral humans because

Back 32

most modern human stresses can’t be managed with these strategies.

Front 33

Mounting evidence from research indicates that stress may ______ the functioning of the immune system.

Back 33

suppress

Front 34

Bart coped with flunking his midterm by telling everyone he was positive his professor’s poor teaching was the reason Bart got such a bad grade. This is an example of

Back 34

an unhealthy coping response.

Front 35

Research reveals that stress often contributes to the onset of which of the following?

Back 35

Depression Schizophrenia Eating disorders

Front 36

Which of the following is NOT a beneficial effect that may result from stress?

Back 36

Increases optimism

Front 37

A behavior pattern marked by commitment, challenge, and control that appears to be related to stress resistance is called

Back 37

hardiness.

Front 38

Which of the following is NOT true about positive psychology?

Back 38

Scientists often refer to it as the study of “Happy-ology”

Front 39

Depression is often confused with:

Back 39

sadness grief happiness

Front 40

According to the TED talk by Andrew Solomon we watched in class, the opposite of depression is vitality.

Back 40

TRUE

Front 41

Stress is the process of appraising and responding to a threatening or challenging event

Back 41

TRUE

Front 42

Homeostasis is:

Back 42

A physiological process that aims to maintain stability of the system

Front 43

Stress researchers often refer to a person’s allostatic load. They are referring to:

Back 43

The build-up of stress activation that causes wear-and-tear

Front 44

Stress is a function of an individual’s appraisal of a situation. Primary appraisal involves:

Back 44

Determining the importance of a situation Determining whether the outcomes will be positive or negative Determining how demanding a situation will be

Front 45

Secondary appraisals of situations basically come down to the question, “ is this controllable?”

Back 45

TRUE

Front 46

Health psychologists understand health to be a product of:

Back 46

biological processes psychological thoughts and beliefs behavior social processes

Front 47

Even brief periods of stress can trigger acute cardiac symptoms such as angina (chest pain).

Back 47

TRUE

Front 48

Unhealthy habits such as smoking, risky sexual behavior, and drug use account for only a small number of actual deaths.

Back 48

FALSE

Front 49

Clinical Psychology is different from other fields of psychology because it is more if an applied science

Back 49

TRUE

Front 50

A determination of “abnormal” ALWAYS involves social judgments and are based on the values and expectations of society.

Back 50

TRUE