Stressed lifestyle and personality are some of the psychological factors that influence health and behaviour in our lives. However, our response to stressors determines our ability to control and manage or develop illness out of the stress. “Stress is experienced when a person’s perceived environmental, social, and physical demands exceed their perceived ability to cope, particularly when these demands are seen as endangering the person’s well-being in some way” (Cardwell & Flanagan, 2012). Walter Cannon’s (1932) fight or flight response elaborates the correlation between arousal and stress as due to the survival mechanisms that evolve in homosepian. According to Sarafino stress comprises of two components: the stressors, stimuli that make
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Holmes and Rahe (1967) Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS) recognise main events that are stressful in life. Rahe 1970 investigations on 2500 male American sailors drew the conclusion that life change correlates positively with illness scores such that life events increase people’s chance of stress-related health problems (McLeod, 2010). Daily hassles (frequent occurrences) like getting stuck in traffic can influence health behaviour. Kanner et al (1981) investigated daily hassle on major life events to find out which gives more stress. The results showed that the hassles scale gave a more accurate prediction of stress than the SRRS and uplifts had a positive effect on stress level in women than men. Stress can occur in a workplace where staffs are given many jobs to complete in a small time frame which if uncompleted tends to stress them (McLeod, 2010). Lack of control over work pace may also lead to stress. Johansson et al study found out that too much workload is associated with high-stress levels leading to illness such that, people in high stressed jobs had high-stress hormones than those doing low stressed jobs (McLeod, 2010). Personality factors (Type …show more content…
SIT is a cognitive behavioural therapy with an aim of replacing irrational and negative thoughts with positive ones and comprises of three stages: Conceptualisation where therapist help clients to identify their stressors; how to respond to them and how successful the response will be. This reveals the blueprint of self-defeating internal dialogue. In skill acquisition and rehearsal, the therapist educates their clients on coping and dealing with focused and general events, whereas application and follow through where people apply what they have learnt to their situations (Cardwell & Flanagan, 2012). Another psychological method used in managing stress is by hardness training. Hardiness is seen to be a protective factor for people with type ‘A’ personality in the sense that people with hardy personalities normally experience less stress associated conditions. Hardiness by Kobasa and Maddi (1977) consist of 3 characteristics: Control where people with hardy personalities always feel they are in control of stressful situations, Challenge where people see possible stressful situations as an advantage to develop and grow and Commitment where the individual puts in 100% effort in all their doings instead of given up (Cardwell & Flanagan,
Holmes and Rahe (1967) Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS) recognise main events that are stressful in life. Rahe 1970 investigations on 2500 male American sailors drew the conclusion that life change correlates positively with illness scores such that life events increase people’s chance of stress-related health problems (McLeod, 2010). Daily hassles (frequent occurrences) like getting stuck in traffic can influence health behaviour. Kanner et al (1981) investigated daily hassle on major life events to find out which gives more stress. The results showed that the hassles scale gave a more accurate prediction of stress than the SRRS and uplifts had a positive effect on stress level in women than men. Stress can occur in a workplace where staffs are given many jobs to complete in a small time frame which if uncompleted tends to stress them (McLeod, 2010). Lack of control over work pace may also lead to stress. Johansson et al study found out that too much workload is associated with high-stress levels leading to illness such that, people in high stressed jobs had high-stress hormones than those doing low stressed jobs (McLeod, 2010). Personality factors (Type …show more content…
SIT is a cognitive behavioural therapy with an aim of replacing irrational and negative thoughts with positive ones and comprises of three stages: Conceptualisation where therapist help clients to identify their stressors; how to respond to them and how successful the response will be. This reveals the blueprint of self-defeating internal dialogue. In skill acquisition and rehearsal, the therapist educates their clients on coping and dealing with focused and general events, whereas application and follow through where people apply what they have learnt to their situations (Cardwell & Flanagan, 2012). Another psychological method used in managing stress is by hardness training. Hardiness is seen to be a protective factor for people with type ‘A’ personality in the sense that people with hardy personalities normally experience less stress associated conditions. Hardiness by Kobasa and Maddi (1977) consist of 3 characteristics: Control where people with hardy personalities always feel they are in control of stressful situations, Challenge where people see possible stressful situations as an advantage to develop and grow and Commitment where the individual puts in 100% effort in all their doings instead of given up (Cardwell & Flanagan,