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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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philosophy
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philos + Sophia
love of wisdom began in 600BC |
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philosophy
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trying to teach 'love of wisdom'
implicitly 'model' how to love - inherent - desire to want to love less traditional understanding of 'teach' |
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feeling
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must be felt
temporary, fleeting |
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Aristotle
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happiness is a destination of reason
reason is an essential ingredient |
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love
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commitment, reasoning, decision, will, desire
rationality included in original meaning |
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math
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permanent
achieved through reasoning |
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philosophy / 'love of wisdom'
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fleeting activities are NOT fulfillment
wisdom is NOT knowledge the big picture the largest possible question - universal |
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premise indicators
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because, sinse, for, as, reason is that, given that, granted that
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logic
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assessing the strength of arguments
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logic : step 1
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identify the argument
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logic : step 2
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Destinguish deductive or inductive
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logic : step 3
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form - validity / invalidity
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logic : step 4
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determine soundness or unsoundness
establish t/false based on validity/premise/conclusion |
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deductive
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if premises are accepted then conclusion is a v solute lyrics necessary
from universal principle/definition in premises to a particular conclusion |
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inductive
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starts with particular observations and moves to general principle
generalization hasty generalization - too few instances of something |
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necessary conditions
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A is a necessary condition for B - B cannot happen without A
B requires A for B to happen, A must happen if B, then A if A doesn't happen, then B can't / doesn't happen if not A, then not B |
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sufficient conditions
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A is a sufficient condition for B
A leads to B A is enough to bring about if A happens, then B will happen if A, then B |
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Descartes
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connection with certainty (A) and knowledge (B)
internal decision |
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pseudo questions
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rhetorical questions
weaken voice and writing and argument assuming answer in voice of a question decreases confidence |
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historical Socretes
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469 - 399 BC
executed by poison accused of...sophist, atheism, corrupting youth teacher to Plato tyrants and Democrats wanted him didn't write anything down! never lost an argument - reasoning over a sword philosophy is oral |
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Plato's Socrates
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intellectual superhero
model continues to influence initially spread by word of mouth conversation made because discussion was imperative |
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Plato
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438 - 347 BC
30y/o when Socrates was executed life of politics until then taught Aristotle wrote things down philosophy done in text and books for greater audience theory of forms |
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Meno - culture
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most don't think of tragedy until it happens
Greece fell shortly after Plato's life |
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Meno
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thinks he knows virtue
younger, student like role student of Gorgeas challenged Socrates about virtue |
character
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Socrates
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teacher. philosophical perspective
hero yeilding arguments philosophy - talked to another discipline, love of virtue, knowledge, truth, use of language for wisdom |
character
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Meno
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'can virtue be taught?'
epistemological question |
philosophical
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virtue
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moral goodness
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ignorance
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= evil
to know the good is to do it lack of knowledge |
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subjective
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perceived good
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objective
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real good
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socratic method
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perplexity and confusion ate necessary
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theory of recollection
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all knowledge is already within us
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theory of forms
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objects/basis of knowledge
reality |
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form
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what something is
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world of knowledge
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nonmaterial/nonphysical
eternal originals perfect divine unchangeable |
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world of opinion
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representations
physical/material copies temporary imperfect mortal changeable |
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