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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What mammals have teeth and what is the function of teeth.
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Most species of mammals. Function in general for mastication and sometimes for defense.
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What are the 2 major regions of a tooth?
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The crown and the root. The part above the gum is a crown. The part anchored in the jawbone is the root.
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The crown and root are connected by what?
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A consticted tooth region called the neck.
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What is a tooth made of?
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Enamel, dentine, pulp cavity and sometimes cementum.
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What is the pulp cavity?
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The center of the tooth anc it contains blood vessels & nerves.
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What is dentine?
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Surrounds the pulp cavity. The bulk of the tooth consists of this.
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What is the crown of a tooth made up of? This is the hardest substance of the body.
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It is usually covered with enamel.
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What is the chewing surface of some teeth of certain mammals made of?
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Enamel and dentine.
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In some species, _______ is also part of the crown of a tooth.
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Cementum.
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Where is the root of a tooth located and what is it made of?
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Within a bony socket. A layer of cementum covers the denine and anchors the tooth in place.
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What are diphyodont dentition?
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Two sets of teeth which consists of deciduous teeth in the first set and permanent teeth in the second set.
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Describe the replacement deciduous teeth with permanent teeth.
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The roots of the deciduous teeth erode and fall out or are pushed out by the developing permanent teeth.
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Marsupials are unusual concerning their teeth. How so?
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Some of their deciduous teeth are not replaced & remain as part of the adult dentition.
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Some speices have only the first set of teeth. This is called what and give examples of species that have these.
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Monophyodont dentition. Toothed whales, porpoises, dolphines.
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Vertebrates other than mammals with teeth have what type of teeth and what is the meaning?
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Polyphyodont dentition - which means they produce successive sets as needed.
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What does heterodont dentition mean?
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2 or more kinds of teeth that differ in appearance & function. Most mammals have these.
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What does homodont dentition mean?
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All teeth that are similar in shape. Other vertebrates have these.
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Name the 4 kinds of teeth from front to back of a mammal.
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Incisors, canines, premolars, and molars.
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Describe incisors and their function.
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Blade-shaped tooth that usually functions for clipping, cuttung, biting off peices or gnawing. They are structurally simple with a single root.
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Describe canines or cuspids and their function.
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They are conical and have a pointed tip. Typically function for piercing & tearing. Usually are unicuspid w/ a single root.
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What are the functions of premolars?
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Function for cutting & slicing (wolves),
crushing & grinding (rabbits). |
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Describe premolars of mammals.
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DOS they maybe unicuspid, bicuspid or may look like molars. Typcially have 2 roots & are smaller than molars.
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What are the function of molars of mammals?
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Function for cutting & slicing (wolves), crushing & grinding (rabbits).
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When a species lacks one or more kinds of teeth, a distinct space called _______ is present when written.
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A diastema.
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The northern river otter has 36 permanent teeth what are the 2 ways the dental formula for it's permanent set of teeth?
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3 1 4 1
- - - - 3 1 3 2 or 3/3, 1/1, 4/3, 1/2 |
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Because premolars and molars can not always be distinguished they are often referred to as what? Give 3 names.
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Cheek Teeth
Postcanine teeth Molariform teeth |
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What are brachydont and what are CN for them?
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Most mammals have them. The enamel formation ceases when such teeth erupt through the gums. Also called short-crowned or low-crowned.
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What are hypsodont and what are CN for them?
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Many herbivores have them. These teeth are subject to wear by silica crystals in grass & soil particles. Also called high-crowned check teeth.
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Some mammals have teeth that grow continuously which are called what and what is the purpose of this adaptation?
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Ever-growing teeth.
Adapation to abrasive food. |
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What is bunodont?
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Crown length of cheek teeth where the occlusal surface is rounded cusps.
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What is lophodont?
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Crown length of cheek teeth where the cusps form comparatively straight ridge.
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What is selenodont?
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Crown length of cheek teeth where the cusps form crescent.
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What is selenolophodont?
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Crown length of cheek teeth that have aspects of both lophodont & selenodont teeth.
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What are secodont or sectorial?
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Bladelike cutting edges of the occlusal surface of cheek teeth.
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What are carnassials?
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Specialized functional pair of sectorial teeth that consist of the last upper premolar and the first lower molar. Most carnivores have these.
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