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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Slurred speech Ataxia Confusion Hyperglycaemia |
Phenytoin toxicity |
Toxicity |
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Target 10-20mg/L in adults and 6-15mg/L for 0-3 months |
Phenytoin |
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Electrolyte imbalances Vitamin D deficiency Headaches Rash Bradycardia and hypotension (IV use) |
Phenytoin side effects |
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Target 0.4-1mmol/L |
Lithium |
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Hypothyroidism Nephrotoxicity Persistent headaches Visual disturbances Ataxia Drowsiness |
Lithium toxicity |
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Haemodialysis for overdose |
Lithium toxicity |
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Monitor weekly at start and for every dose change then every 3 months for a year then every 6 months |
Lithium monitoring |
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Monitor renal function, LFTs, BMI/weight, electrolytes every 6 months |
Lithium monitoring |
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Target 0.7-2 nanograms/mL |
Digoxin |
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Confusion Nausea Anorexia Yellow halos |
Digoxin toxicity |
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Take blood sample at least 6 hours after dose, ideally 8-12 hours after |
Digoxin monitoring |
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Digifab |
Digoxin antidote |
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Target 10-20mg/L where adverse effects occur >10mg/L |
Theophylline/aminophylline |
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Measure plasma level 5 days after starting and at least 3 days after dose change |
Theophylline/aminophylline |
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Take blood sample 4-6 hours after IV/MR given |
Theophylline/aminophylline |
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Dilated pupils Vomiting blood Convulsions Arrhythmias Severe hypokalaemia |
Theophylline/aminophylline |
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Smoking increases metabolism of drug so stopping smoking will increase level |
Theophylline/aminophylline |
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Activated charcoal, dose can be repeated |
Theophylline/aminophylline toxicity |
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Weekly dosing |
Methotrexate |
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Blood and skin disorders: Rash Sore throat/fever Bruising/bleeding Jaundice/dark urine Dyspnoea/cough |
Methotrexate side effects |
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Photosensitivity - avoid direct UV light - skin lesions/ulceration |
Methotrexate side effect |
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Folinic acid |
Methotrexate toxicity |
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Mix with orange or apple juice |
Ciclosporin administration |
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Increased toxicity with grapefruit/pomelo juice |
Ciclosporin interaction |
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Increased toxicity with grapefruit/pomelo juice |
Ciclosporin interaction |
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Reduced concentration with purple grape juice |
Ciclosporin interaction |
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Eye inflammation Hair changes Diarrhoea Gingival hyperplasia Gynaecomastia Weight gain Anaemia |
Ciclosporin side effects |
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Photosensitivity - protect from UV/sunlight |
Ciclosporin side effect |
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Monitor serum creatinine every 2 weeks for 3 months then monthly |
Ciclosporin monitoring |
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Monitor liver function, if given NSAIDs taken |
Ciclosporin interaction |
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BP - hypertension K+ - hyperkalaemia Magnesium LFTs |
Ciclosporin monitoring |
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Major bleeding |
Stop warfarin, give slow IV vitamin K, restart when INR <5 |
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INR >8 and no bleeding |
Stop warfarin, give IV vitamin K orally, restart when INR <5 |
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INR >8 and no bleeding |
Stop warfarin, give IV vitamin K orally, restart when INR <5 |
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INR >8 and minor bleeding |
Stop warfarin, give slow IV vitamin K, restart when INR <5 |
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INR 5-8 and no bleeding |
Withhold 1-2 doses and reduce subsequent maintenance doses |
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INR 5-8 and minor bleeding |
Stop warfarin, give slow IV vitamin K, restart when INR <5 |
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Target INR for AF |
2.5 |
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Target INR for treatment of DVT or PE |
2.5 |
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Target INR for cardioversion |
2.5 |
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Target INR for MI |
2.5 |
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Target INR for recurrent DVT/PE when INR >2 |
3.5 |
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Target INR for mechanical prosthetic heart valve |
3.5 |
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Warfarin duration for isolated calf vein DVT |
6 weeks |
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Warfarin duration for isolated calf vein DVT |
6 weeks |
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Warfarin duration for provoked DVT/PE |
3 months |
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Warfarin duration for unprovoked DVT/PE |
At least 3 months, could be life long |
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Warfarin duration for AF |
Life long |
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