Survey Of Jazz Midterm 2

Front 1

A ______________ involves harmonizing block-chord riffs, was created by the entire band, and was not written down

Back 1

Head Arrangement

Front 2

Benny Goodman was a

Back 2

Clarinetist

Front 3

Which band replaced Duke Ellington's at the Cotton Club, employed a young Dizzy Gillespie, and performed for almost two decades

Back 3

Cab Calloway's band

Front 4

Columbia, Victor, and Decca were the three most important ...

Back 4

record companies

Front 5

Fletcher Henderson's arrangement relied heavily on

Back 5

simple riffs as well as call-and-reponse patters

Front 6

Jimmie Lunceford's nickname was

Back 6

Professor

Front 7

Who was a nonmusician who promoted Jazz, was born into a wealthy New York family, and championed black musicians in the recording studio

Back 7

John Hammond

Front 8

Swing bands featured sections of trumpets, saxophones, and

Back 8

trombones

Front 9

Swing music appealed most dramatically to what demographic group?

Back 9

Teenagers

Front 10

Which dance featured a steady four beats, was an improvised African-style dance, and contained "breakaways"?

Back 10

The Lindy Hop

Front 11

The Savoy Ballroom was

Back 11

luxurious and well-adorned

Front 12

The invention of _______ helped the record industry to recover in the mid-1930's

Back 12

the jukebox

Front 13

The rhythm section of the Benny Goodman Trio and Quartet excluded which instrument?

Back 13

Bass

Front 14

The swing era took place during which two important historical events?

Back 14

The Great Depression and World War II

Front 15

Which bandleader's appearance at Carnegie Hall in 1938 help to cement the respectability of Jazz in America?

Back 15

Benny Goodman

Front 16

Which instrument did Glenn Miller play?

Back 16

Trombone

Front 17

Which of the following changes occurred in the rhythm section during the 1930's

Back 17

The string bass replaced the tuba and the guitar replaced the banjo

Front 18

Which white swing clarinetist and bandleader, who spent as much of his early career as he could in Harlem, once said, "I was actually leading the life of a Negro musician?"

Back 18

Artie Shaw

Front 19

____________ big band enlisted in the U.S. Army as a unit in order to entertain the troops overseas

Back 19

Glenn Miller's

Front 20

____________ was one of Artie Shaw's biggest hits

Back 20

"Begin the Beguine"

Front 21

After a decline in popularity, what sparked a comeback for Duke Ellington and his orchestra?

Back 21

An appearance at the Newport Jazz Festival in 1956

Front 22

Although born in New Jersey, Count Basie is indelibly associated with

Back 22

Kansas City

Front 23

Benny Moten was a ________________ bandleader

Back 23

territory

Front 24

Duke Ellington's co-composer and author of "Take the 'A' Train" was

Back 24

Billy Strayhorn

Front 25

Count Basie's first hit was an informal twelve-bar blues called

Back 25

"One O'clock Jump"

Front 26

Count Basie's saxophone section included

Back 26

Lester Young & Herschel Evans

Front 27

Duke Ellington's ... and His Mother Called Him Bill, featured "Blood Count" and "Lotus Blossom," was a tribute album to

Back 27

Bill Strayhorn

Front 28

Duke Ellington's compositions included

Back 28

"Conga Brava"

Front 29

During the Swing Era, new musical influences cam into jazz from the

Back 29

Southwest: Missouri, Oklahoma, and Texas

Front 30

(T/F) Head Arrangements were flexible, sometimes expanding to ten minutes in the heat of the performance

Back 30

True

Front 31

In addition to being a big-band arranger, Mary Lou Williams was a

Back 31

Stride Pianist

Front 32

In addition to being a master of orchestration, ___________ wrote not just for instruments but for specific musicians in his band

Back 32

Duke Ellington

Front 33

In her later career, ___________ was a devoted teacher of jazz history, was a leader in the bebop (modern jazz) movement, and became increasingly active as a composer

Back 33

Mary Lou Williams

Front 34

Many Kansas City bands featured head arrangements, which were

Back 34

collectively composed by members of the band and not written down

Front 35

Pete Johnson was a

Back 35

boogie-woogie pianist

Front 36

The Southwest affected music nationally through

Back 36

the piano style boogie-woogie

Front 37

Which artist summed up his attitude towards rhythm with the aphorism, "it don't mean a thing if it ain't got that swing?"

Back 37

Duke Ellington

Front 38

Which of the following bands began as a territory band in the Southwest?

Back 38

Andy Kirk and his Twelve Clouds of Joy

Front 39

Who spurred the boogie-woogie revival of the 1930's with his concert "From Spirituals to Swing" that took place in Carnegie Hall?

Back 39

John Hammond

Front 40

In the 1930's, Jazz was known as

Back 40

Swing

Front 41

Through the Swing Era occurred during ___________, it did not get caught up in the era's deep anxiety

Back 41

the Great Depression

Front 42

The famous ballroom in Harlem where social dancing was an intense, communal activity and the swing dance style emerged was called ...

Back 42

the Savoy Ballroom

Front 43

Bernie Heardman helped to bridge the racial gap of jazz by

Back 43

hiring black arrangers to put together music for his band

Front 44

Star Dust was composed by ______. The form is ___________

Back 44

Artie Shaw, 32 bar popular song

Front 45

Jimmie Lanceford, "The Professor" expected __________ from his bandmembers

Back 45

impeccable appearance, right down to their socks

Front 46

The popular band leader who played the trombone and brought swing into the mainstream was

Back 46

Glenn Miller

Front 47

A head arrangement is

Back 47

a flexible, unwritten arrangement created by the entire band

Front 48

A repetitive melody or melodic figure is called a(n)

Back 48

ostinato

Front 49

One example of the Boogie-Woogie is

Back 49

"It's All Right, Baby"

Front 50

The club that was well-know for housing Duke Ellington's band in the 1920's was called

Back 50

The Cotton Club

Front 51

Bands that worked in a geographic are no more than a day's drive from their headquarters are called

Back 51

territory bands

Front 52

Mary Lou Williams was a very talented jazz __________ and arranger

Back 52

Pianist

Front 53

Why were women rare in jazz performances?

Back 53

A woman on the stage, people reasoned, was not fit for middle-class society

Front 54

"One O'Clock Jump" which contains a Kansas City-style head arrangement was made famous by

Back 54

Count Bassie and His Orchestra

Front 55

How as Juan Tizol's trombone different from a normal trombone?

Back 55

It contained valves like a trumpet rather than a slide

Front 56

The place that was made famous by Duke Ellington and his orchestra and included Latin and Swing grooves is called

Back 56

Conga Brava

Front 57

Ellington's composition partner in his later career who was originally a classical composer was

Back 57

Billie Strayhorn

Front 58

Who was nicknamed "Father of the Tenor"

Back 58

Coleman Hawkins

Front 59

When the notes of a chord are played successively, one at a time, this is called

Back 59

an arpeggio

Front 60

"Body and Soul" includes a great melodic paraphase at the beginning and harmonic improvisation by

Back 60

Coleman Hawkins

Front 61

A change came to the way jazz musicians performed for the radio in the 1940's because

Back 61

radio producers stopped recording live performances

Front 62

What was Lester Young's style of improvisation?

Back 62

He would improvise a melody that fit that overall harmonic framework without dealing with every harmony

Front 63

Jazz was heard in nations outside of the U.S. where it

Back 63

was blocked by officials in the Soviet Union, became very popular, and was imitated by those who listened

Front 64

Who toured Moscow in the 1950's and found that he had thousands of fans who referred to his records by catalog numbers?

Back 64

Benny Goodman

Front 65

How did racism affect Jazz performances in Europe?

Back 65

Often black performers were considered chic and their race made them more popular

Front 66

After World War II, Jazz musicians in Europe were treated as

Back 66

heroes

Front 67

Django Reinhardt was known for his performances on

Back 67

the guitar

Front 68

The social activist who also performed on a number of instruments while also composing and arranging for Fletcher Henderson, Horrace Henderson, Charlie Johnson, and McKinney's Cotton Pickers was

Back 68

Benny Carter

Front 69

Billie Holiday grew up in a

Back 69

school for delinquent girls

Front 70

Billie Holiday first recorded

Back 70

Benny Goodman

Front 71

Billie Holiday was influenced by singer ________ who was a well-known 1920's blues singer

Back 71

Bessie Smith

Front 72

Called an irrepressible spirit of musical joy, the singer used blues for up-tempo scat improvisations. Who is she?

Back 72

Ella Fitzgerald

Front 73

Singing that is improved by a vocalist using nonsense syllables is called

Back 73

scat singing

Front 74

Dropping bombs in jazz means

Back 74

unexpected bass drum explosions

Front 75

Bebop musicians included all of the following Except

Back 75

Elliot "Ellie" Carter

Front 76

Bebob was made famous for its

Back 76

complex dissonant harmonies

Front 77

Why were black bands after forced to tour and perform live?

Back 77

They were not allowed to be on prime-time radio shows and they could not hold a lengthy engagement at a major hotel ballroom because of racial laws

Front 78

Charlie Parker was known as one of the most gifted __________ in Jazz

Back 78

Saxophonist

Front 79

Band leaders found it too difficult to include Charlie Parker in their bands because of his

Back 79

heroine addiction

Front 80

Dizzy Gillepsie was known for his ____________ playing

Back 80

trumpet

Front 81

Gillespie recorded and toured with the most lucrative black band in existence in the late 1930's. The band was

Back 81

The Cab Calloway Orchestra

Front 82

Gillespie earned the nickname "Dizzy" because

Back 82

he had a fiery temperament and a wicked sense of humor

Front 83

Dizzie Gillespie and Charlie Parker were both hired for ______ band

Back 83

Earl Hines'

Front 84

Jazz was a inexpensive was of recording for producers because

Back 84

the chord progressions of songs were not copyrighted so jazz musicians could superimpose a new melody of the changes of a copyrighted song and not have to pay the copyright fee

Front 85

Which of the following songs was originally a tribute to Native Americans?

Back 85

Ko-Ko