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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the difference in the Rule of 9's between the adult & child?
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Adult-- head is 9, legs 18
Child- head is 18, legs 13.5 |
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What are some indications for transfer to a burn center?
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*2nd & 3rd degree >20% TBSA; 10% extremes of age
*face, hands, perineum, jts *full thickness >5% *electrical & chemical |
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What is the leading cause of death between the ages of 1-40?
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TRAUMA!
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What trauma situations cause "immediate" death (<1hr)?
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*loss of airway
*brain stem laceration *aortic/heart rupture *high c-spine lesion *ABCs!! |
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What conditions cause "early" death (1-3 hrs)?
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*epidural/subdural hematoma
*hemo/pneumothorax *pelvic/femur fxs *multiple long-bone fxs |
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What two condtions cause "late" death (2-4 weeks)?
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*sepsis
*multi-organ system failure |
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What is the "Golden Hour" & when does it begin?
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*time it takes to reach stabilization of a life-threatening condition
*begins as soon as trauma occurs |
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What are the components of the primary survey?
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*Airway
*Breathing *Circulation *Disability *Exposure |
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What are the components of the secondary survey?
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*superior to inferior
*detailed hx *extremities |
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What are the components of the GCS? (general)
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*Motor response
*Verbal response *Eye response |
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What is the revised trauma score?
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*GCS score + resp score + systolic BP score = revised trauma score
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What is the most common type of shock in trauma?
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hypovolemic!!
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What are the 4 classes of hemorrhagic shock?
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Class I- 0-15%; little tachycardia
Class II- 15-30%; HR>100, tachypnea Class III- 30-40%; T&T, decreased BP & oliguria Class IV- >40%; all of the above + life threatening! |
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In regards to brain trauma, what is the most important issue?
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*CPP (MAP - ICP)
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Approximately ________ cases and ______ deaths from breast cancer occur annually worldwide.
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* 1,150,000
*410,000 |
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There are ______ new cases of breast cancer & _______ deaths in the united states.
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* 215,000
*41,000 |
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What is the #1 cancer in women? #1 cancer that women die from? 2nd?
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* breast cancer
* lung cancer *breast cancer |
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Overall, cancer death rates are higher in _____ (men or women).
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*men
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What ethnic group has a higher mortality rate of cancer?
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african americans
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What is the lifetime probability for women of developing breast cancer?
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1/8
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Yearly mammograms are recommended starting at age ____.
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40
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Beginning at age ____, annual CBE should be performed prior to mammography.
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40
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Beginning in their early ____, women should be told about the benefits and limitations of breast-self examination.
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20s
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T or F: HRT increases the incidence of breast cancer.
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true
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What are 3 factors leading to a decrease in breast cancer related mortality?
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*Earlier Detection
*Improved Cytotoxic Chemo *Target Chemo |
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What are some lifestyle modifications that improve the outcome of breast cancer?
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*increase activity
*decrease red meat & high fat foods *decrease in alcohol *decrease in nicotine *avoid/decrease HRT *nurse babies longer |
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What are some benign breast disorders?
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*fibrocystic changes
*simple cysts *fibroadenomas *ectopic breast tissue *intraparenchymal lymph nodes |
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What is the work-up of a palpable breast mass?
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*degree of suspicious
*complete imaging W/U *Bx indicated? *short interval F/U |
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What are some risk factors for breast cancer?
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*prior hx of breast CA
*age at menarche (early) *age at menopause (late) *OCPs or HRT *not breast-feeding *smoking/alcohol *no babies *obesity/lack of exercise |
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What are some methods for diagnosing breast cancer?
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*early detection!!!
*palpable mass on exam *US *Mammogram *Bx to confirm dx!! |
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What are the types of breast cancer?
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*ductal carcinoma in situ
*invasive ductal adenocarcinoma *invasive lobular adenocarcinoma *invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma |
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What are the 4 types of premalignant breast findings?
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*papillomatosis
*atypical ductal hyperplasia *atypical lobular hyperplasia *lobular carcinoma in situ |
