Spring Frosh Hu 2220 Test 2

Front 1

Fannie Osborne

Back 1

• Wife of Robert Louis Stevenson
• Married to Samuel Osborne but separated from him to be with Stevenson
• Inspired and encouraged Stevenson’s work

Front 2

The Brownies

Back 2

• Little imaginary creatures who Robert Louis Stevenson thought helped him write his books

Front 3

Poole

Back 3

• Head of household for servants – only one with contact to master

Front 4

The nightmare - Fuseli

Back 4

• 1782
• Incubus – demon who seduces women when they sleep

Front 5

Epistolary novel

Back 5

• Novel in the form of letters

Front 6

Castle of Otranto

Back 6

• 1765 – beginning of the gothic period

Front 7

The divided self

Back 7

• There’s a dual nature in each one of us

Front 8

James Hargreaves

Back 8

• Developed the spinning Jenny using pulleys

Front 9

Spinning jenny

Back 9

• Weaved cloth
• Out-produced a dozen people working on a hand loom
• Increased textile production at least 20 fold
• Hand actuated

Front 10

Richard Arkwright

Back 10

• Wanted to establish a factory near a stream and use a water wheel and attach a spinning jenny to the water wheel
• Introduced the water frame

Front 11

Water frame

Back 11

• A spinning jenny using a water wheel

Front 12

George Stephenson

Back 12

• Involved in the coal business
• Gifted mechanic
• What if we take carts used for coal and instead of wooden rails we use iron and instead of a horse we use a steam engine
o Developed the first steam locomotive

Front 13

The Rocket (1829)

Back 13

• the first steam locomotive developed by George Stephenson

Front 14

Factory System

Back 14

• Heart of industrialism
• Production of textiles no longer by hand
• Labor intensive machinery
• Demanded a large working force

Front 15

"Peterloo" massacre (1819)

Back 15

• Known by the working class as the event at St. Peter’s Fields - in Manchester, where 20-30 demonstrators were killed by English troops

Front 16

Proletariat

Back 16

• Industrial working force
• Members of the peasantry who abandoned the farm life for industrial jobs

Front 17

Sir Robert Peel (1788-1850)

Back 17

• Home secretary, responsible for all domestic matters

Front 18

Karl Marx (1818-1882)

Back 18

• German atheist
• Read the philosophy of G.W.F. Hegel (Idealism)
• The class struggle
• Age of materialism: goal was obtainment of material good

Front 19

Bourgeoisie

Back 19

• Middle class capitalist

Front 20

Class Struggle

Back 20

• The lower class always struggling to free itself from the upper class

Front 21

Value of Labor

Back 21

• Labor was the source of wealth

Front 22

Louis Pasteur (1822-1895)

Back 22

• French scientist
• He along with Joseph Lister (an English scientist) said that sickness was cause not by God but by the presence of bacteria

Front 23

Bacterial theory of disease

Back 23

• Mid 19th century
• Sickness was caused by the presence of bacteria not by God

Front 24

Marie Curie

Back 24

• Wife of Pierre Curie
• Discovered Radium which was radioactive

Front 25

Auguste Comte (1798-1857)

Back 25

• Science history “science is almost a faith itself”
• Theory of history: progress
o 1. Polytheism
o 2. Monotheism
o 3. Age of science
• System of belief, have faith in science

Front 26

Charles Darwin (1802-1882)

Back 26

• Accompanied the H.M.S. Beagle on an around the world cruise to collect flor and fauna
• Wrote On The Origin of Species
• Natural selection
• Good if it manages to survive, through adaptation
• Science is a mode of inquiry
• Nature drives all life that exists – it has no right or wrong
• Descension from common parents
• Becoming: everything is in a state of flux, the human race is continually evolving

Front 27

Natural selection

Back 27

• Adaption to changing environment

Front 28

Nature as a force

Back 28

• Nature drives all life that exists – it has no right or wrong

Front 29

Social Darwinism

Back 29

• Struggle for survival transferred to human society

Front 30

Opium Wars

Back 30

• Series of wars where the British strongly defeated China
• Classic dispute over trade and diplomatic relations
• Mob burned a warehouse down and began the Opium Wars

Front 31

Ferdinand de Lesseps

Back 31

• Thought of the suez canal

Front 32

Sonata Allegro Form

Back 32

• Late 18th century, binary form. Has an “arch”

Front 33

symphony

Back 33

• 4 movements, string quartet – 4 movements, solo sonata – 3 movements

Front 34

esterháza

Back 34

• A musical court

Front 35

opera buffa

Back 35

• Two act opera based on comedia del arte type characters, humerous, arlequino-tenor, pantalon-bass

Front 36

servant tax of 1852

Back 36

tax on all male servants in England that opened the dor for females because male servants were fired because they had to pay for them

Front 37

gothic

Back 37

Frankenstein, Jekyll and Hyde, dark and mysterious, lots to do with monsters

Front 38

horror from within

Back 38

by the end of the 19th century, villains did not look like monsters; they looked like people and explained the horrible behaviors within all of us; the nature of evil

Front 39

The Communist Manifesto (1848)

Back 39

a short 1848 publication written by the political theorists Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels; overthrow the middle class

Front 40

Empiricism

Back 40

a theory of knowledge that asserts that knowledge comes only or primarily from sensory experience; nearly the opposite of rationalism

Front 41

British East India Co.

Back 41

a stock company that was publicly traded; major stockholders were members of the British parliament; constantly wanting to expand (divide and conquer)

Front 42

Sepoy Mutiny (1857)

Back 42

a mutiny of speoys (indian soldiers) of the East India Company's army

Front 43

Battle Omdurman (1898)

Back 43

mahdi's dervish army attacked the british and the British Maxim rifles destroyed the Dervish army

Front 44

Boer War (1899-1902)

Back 44

war with the Afrikaners in South Africa

Front 45

Colonial Exposition (1931)

Back 45

exposition in France where they displayed their colonial goods

Front 46

"the lords of humankind"

Back 46

a book by Victor Kiernan (British Marxist historian) about European attitudes towards the outside world in the Imperial Age (1969)

Front 47

Theme and Variations Form

Back 47

in this form, a musical theme is stated (the main melody of the movement), followed by any number of varied presentations of that theme. in subsequent variations, new countermelodies can be added, and aspects of the theme (such as key, meter, instrumentation, mood, dynamics, etc.) can be altered

Front 48

Tone Poem

Back 48

a poem put to music aka a song

Front 49

Leitmotif

Back 49

little music motif; ex. jaws song means shark is coming

Front 50

Idée Fixes

Back 50

central theme of the music

Front 51

Gesamtkunstwerk

Back 51

"total work of art" term coined by Wagner to describe the powerful concept of music drama

Front 52

Rubato

Back 52

part of a piece of music in which the tempo speeds up then slows down