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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What did the "crisis of conscience" that affected some European thinkers in the late 17th century mean? |
thinking going from traditional medieval to modern views |
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What is the geocentric model of the universe? |
Earth in center, circular orbits, god outside |
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How did religious leaders react to the theory of Copernicus? |
at first welcomed it, then realized it was bad for the church. |
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How did the Catholic Church react to the astronomical writings of Galileo? |
Arrested him, threatened to torture him |
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What did the English poet Alexander pope mean when he wrote - "God said, 'Let Newton be! And all was light'"? |
newton shed light on the universe |
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What was something in common between William Harvey and Isaac Newton? |
Used math to prove their theories |
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How did Descartes conclude that he existed? |
Because he thinks |
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What were some important events and influences in the 17th century - especially in political thought? |
natural law/divine right English civil wars Liberal political theory |
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What was the basis of Bishop Bossuet's arguments for the divine right of kings? |
Belief that God gave certain men the right to rule |
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What were some of the ideas of John Locke? |
Men are equal protection of property tabula rasa |
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What is tabula rasa? |
we are born as a blank slate |
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What was the basis of Enlightenment thinking? |
Age of reason |
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From what sources did the Enlightenment thinking draw? |
Greco-Roman secular values, renaissance humanism, scientific revolution methodology |
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What country produced the Enlightenment? |
France |
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What kinds of reform did the philosophes call for |
religious toleration, public education, rational system of justice |
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what is the main idea of deism |
god made universe and set laws in motion then stepped out of the picture |
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what is another name for laissez-faire economics? |
free trade |
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how did the philosophes spread their ideas? |
The Encyclopedie |
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How did French women contribute to the Enlightenment? |
natural rights, education, opposed hierarchy |
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Which country, a limited monarchy, became the ideal model for many philosophes? |
Great Britain |
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What were the main design elements of Rococo interiors? |
Mirrors, chandeliers, rocaille |
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What technological innovation is associated with Hogarth's art? |
Engraving and multiple prints |
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What characterized Neo classicism? |
disciplined perspective |
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What ideas did Neoclassical architecture emphasize? |
proportion and simplicity |
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Did voltaire ever support the enlightened despots? |
Yes - visited some of them |
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Which writers' intense personal autobiography foreshadowed Romanticism? |
Rousseau |
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What new literary form was developed in the age of reason |
the novel |
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what did 18th century novelists generally write about? |
true-to-life individuals |
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What did the English novelists use to make their works realistic? |
following characters, ordinary lives, narrative voice |
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What was the perfect instrument for Rococo music? |
Harpsichord |
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What were the characteristics of Classical music? |
form, structure, sonata form, clear and simple harmonies |
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What did Mozart present in the marriage of figaro |
humorous account of the lower class |
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What are the legacies of the Age of Reason? |
emergent and potent force for change human is good challenge to absolutist governments |
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What characterizes the period between 1760 and 1830 |
middle class wins power from aristocracy |
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What was one of the major events which occurred at the beginning of the industrial revolution in the english cloth-making industry? |
Industrialization in England |
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How can Europe be described in 1830? |
continent divided into liberals and conservatives |
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What was the major issue that divided England and her American colonies in 1775? |
Taxes and cost of upkeep |
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After the American Revolution, how did the nation's new leaders realize their democratic goals? |
written constitution with specific and enforceable laws |
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What was the major accomplishment of the first phase of the French Revolution? |
created a limited constitutional monarchy |
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What does the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen guarantee? |
natural and civil rights |
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What did Europe do in the period 1815 to 1830 in reaction to the Napoleonic era? |
accepted some changes and rejected others |
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Why is the French painter Ingres important? |
captured subjects personality |
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What did Romantic writers and artist express? |
nature - creative nonconformity |
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What country can best claim to be the original home of romanticism? |
germany |
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what did goya express in his pointings? |
nightmarish vision of world despair over homeland psychological treatment of his subjects |
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Which group did Hegel's ideas most influence? |
Marxists |
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What are some of the characteristics of Beethoven's music? |
culmination of classical music plus introduction of romantic music |
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Which events between 1760 and 1830 left a lasting stamp on the modern world? |
industrial revolution american revolution french revolution |
