Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Sports psychology defined by Weinberg and Gould |
is the study of people and their behaviors in sport and exercise activities and the practical application of that knowledge
|
|
|
AASP sports psychology definition
|
The study of the psychological and mental factors that influence and are influenced by participation and performance in sport, exercise, and physical activity.
|
|
|
Wann sports psychology definition
|
The primarily scientific study of the behavioral, affective, and cognitive reactions to sport settings, including the reactions of both participants and spectators.
|
|
|
AASP sports psychology definition
|
The application of the knowledge gained through the study of everyday settings.
|
|
|
Applied Sport Psychologist
|
Clinical:
licensed psychologist works in sports setting |
|
|
Applied Sport Psychologist
|
Educational:
typically not licensed psychologist more common than clinical minimum of master's degree |
|
|
Educational Sport Psycholigist
|
mental trainer
mental training consultant performance enhancement consultant |
|
|
applied sport psychology domains
|
clinical: abnormal, normal behavior
educational: normal, supernormal behavior |
|
|
Main component of Triplett's study
|
social facilitation - study on cyclists
|
|
|
Griffith's approach in his "Psychology and its Relation to Athletic Competition"
|
psychology and athletics were discussed but never studied.
Lay out general plan of study, doesn't leave mind in locker, the more the mind is made use of... |
|
|
Coleman Griffith, 1925
|
athletic research lab, university of Illinois, Grandfather of American sport psychology, Psychology of Coaching, Psychology of Athletics, first applied sport psychologist
|
|
|
Griffith's view of the psychologist job
|
1.coaching:make plain psy laws and prin. implied in success.
2.adapt to athletics some facts discovered in lab. 3.aid coach by using science to solve probs and discover new facts |
|
|
1966-1976: Personality Research Era
|
Research on psych. theory and how to apply it to performance:social facilitation, arousal (perf.relationship), anxiety, motivation (drive theory)
|
|
|
Early definition of Soviet sport psych.
|
investigate the manifestations and development of psyches and the forming of active personality under special conditions of sport and physical education.
|
|
|
former focus of soviet sport psychology
|
theoretical, genetics, personality
|
|
|
current focus of Soviet sport psych.
|
psychodiagnostics
psychoregulation |
|
|
Soviet interest in sport psych began after
|
World War 2
|
|
|
anthropromaximology
|
study of peak performance
|
|
|
1980 Olympic Soviet study of peak experience
|
grp1:100% PT
grp2:75% PT - 25%MT grp3:50-50 grp4:25%PT - 75%MT (most success) conc:able to orchestrate peak perf. |
|
|
motivation
|
central to understanding sport/perf. experience. Is motivation the core of everything we do? What truly makes us do something?
|
|
|
Movere
|
to move
|
|
|
underlying theme in motivation
|
what factors are involved to make us move to fulfill a need?
|
|
|
motive
|
desire to fulfill a need
|
|
|
Roberts motivation definition
|
personality factors, social variables, and/or thoughts that are assumed to come into play when one perf. a task in which he is evaluated, competes, or to attain a standard
|
|
|
Finch motivation definition
|
dynamic process that involves incentive for activity and drive toward particular behavior
|
|
|
Weinberg & Gould definition of motivation
|
direction of effort=reason
intrinsic(self determining) extrinsic(rewards) intensity=effort expended direction and intensity closely related |
|
|
trait-centered
|
Psycho-physiological approach
participant centered, function of personality characteristics, innate/genetic TC not endorsed-ignores environ. |
|
|
situation centered
|
Social Psychological
motivation determined by situation, direct contrast to TC view SC not endorsed-ignores person |
|
|
interactional view
|
Cognitive, behavioral, social.
participant-by-situation view most widely endorsed. |
|
|
Approach endorsed by SEPS
|
interactional:considers traits and situation
|
|
|
some situational factors of motivation
|
leader-coach style
facility attractiveness win-loss record |
|
|
Sorrento&Sheppard impact on performance
|
Consider both situational and personal factors, multiple (at times competing) motives for involvement.
Youth:fun,skill development, social Adults:health,fitness,self-challenge Change the environment Behavior modification |
|
|
Four common theories of Achievement Motivation
|
Need Achievement Theory
Attribution Theory Achievement Theory Competence Goal Theory |
|
|
achievement motivation
|
self-comparison of achievement
|
|
|
competitiveness
|
social evaluation or comparison
|
|
|
Need Achievement Theory
|
tendency to strive for success, persist in face of failure, experience pride in accomplishments
|
|
|
Five key components to nAch
|
personality factors
situational factors behavioral tendency emotional reactions achievement behavior |
|
|
differences between high and low achiever
|
achieve success/avoid failure
probabilityof success/incentive value of success approach success/avoid failure pride/shame,failure |
|
|
Achievement Behavior
|
hAch:select challenging tasks, prefer intermediate risks, perform. better when evaluated.
lAch:avoid challenging tasks, avoid intermediate risks, perform worse when evaluated. |
|
|
Why is Attribution Theory considered a cognitive approach?
|
it is based on perception - thought process underlying achievement differences.
How people explain their successes & failures. |
|
|
Three components of Attribution Theory
|
Stability
Locus of causality locus of control |
|
|
Stability
|
expectancy of future success
stable/unstable stable:talent unstable:luck |
|
|
Locus of Causality
|
emotional influence
internal/external internal:effort external:easy team |
|
|
Locus of Control
|
emotional/behavioral response
control/no control control: game plan no control: opponents mistakes |
|
|
Attribution Theory
|
prediction, perception, where do you place blame, change the perception in hopes of changing the behavior.
|
|
|
Achievement Goal Theory:
outcome goal orientation |
or competitive goal orientation: focuses on comparing performance with that of others and defeating others.(JLo)
|
|
|
Achievement Goal Theory:
task goal orientation |
or mastery goal orientation:
focuses on improving relative to one's own past performances. (me) |
|
|
Achievement Goal Theory:
social goal orientation |
focuses on judging competence in terms of affiliation with the group and recognition of being liked by others.
|
|
|
Competence Motivation Theory
|
people motivated to feel worthy and competent.
feelings of perception of control, self esteem, perceived competence are primary determinants of motivation. |
|
|
Enhancing motivation
|
promote intrinsic motivation:define success as effort and performance relative to absolute standards
Control motivation by making internal attributions (effort and ability) |
|
|
Enhancing Motivation (2)
|
use content feedback to provide knowledge of perf. and how it relates to + or - outcomes. Specific, challenging, realistically attainable goals, shared goal setting, develop perf. windows to objectively evaluate goals
|
|
|
Noah
|
competence motivation theory:
think of a child... |
|
|
Gianna
|
attribution theory:change perception to change behavior
|
|
|
Teammates
|
achievement goal theory
|
|
|
Coach
|
attribution theory
|
|
|
Garage Door Opener
|
need achievement theory:fear of failure
|
