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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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denotative meaning
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a word's direct, explicit definition
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connotative meaning
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thoughts and emotions associated with a word
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ultimate terms
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words or phrases that are highly revered, widely accepted, and carry special power in a culture
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God terms
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carry the greatest blessing in a culture and demand sacrifice or obedience
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Devil terms
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perceived by a culture as associated with the absolutely abhorrent and disgusting
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Charismatic terms
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demand sacrifice yet, the referents we attach to them are obscure and contradictory; defining these terms might take its charisma away (freedom, democracy)
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politically correctness
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words that are not considered offensive; "proper" term
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the power of labeling
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the name you use affects the way people respond to you
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euphemism
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inoffensive terms substituted for offensive ones
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hesitations
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signal of uncertainty or anxiety ("Well, I, uh, you know, um, would like to borrow a dollar.")
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hedges
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qualify the utterance in which they occur ("I guess I sort of like you and kind of want to know you")
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tag quetions
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Lessens the force of a declarative sentence ("This is fun, don't you think?")
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powerless language
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prevents people from being persuasive
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argument
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a stated position for/against an issue
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claim
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a single statement advanced for the adherence of others
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evidence
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support or grounds that supports the claim
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warrant
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general statement that justifies evidence as a basis for the claim
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begging the question
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1. p implies q.
2. Suppose p. Therefore, 3. q. |
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bandwagoning
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concludes a proposition to be true because many or all people believe it
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either or fallacy
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involves a situation in which only two alternatives are considered, when in fact there are other options
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ad hominem
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consists of replying to an argument or factual claim by attacking or appealing to a characteristic or belief of the person making the argument or claim
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appeal to tradition
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in which a thesis is deemed correct on the basis that it correlates with some past or present tradition
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icon
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an image that resembles the image it represents
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indexicality
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the ability of images, to document an event that an event happened or that something took place
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