Sound And Light

Front 1

How does light travel and how fast?

Back 1

In straight lines at 300 000 000 m/s (in a vacuum) as long as what it is travelling through (the medium) remains constant

Front 2

Definition of transparent

Back 2

.See through them clearly

.Light, when it travels through in parallel lines, will leave in parallel lines

.Light passes through without being faded or dimmed

.e.g. glass, windows

Front 3

Definition of translucent

Back 3

.Let some light through

.Light, when it travels through, will be scattered on the other side

.Cannot see through it clearly

.e.g. tracing paper, tissue paper

Front 4

Definition of opaque

Back 4

.No light can travel through it

.The light will be reflected scattered or absorbed

.Cannot see through it

.e.g. humans, a tree

Front 5

If light hits an object, what can it do?

Back 5

.Absorbed

.Reflected or scattered at the boundary at the angle it came in but opposite

.Let through but will change direction (transmitted)

Front 6

How does light reflect off a shiny surface and a matt surface?

Back 6

.Shiny: smooth so that the light reflects in straight lines

.Matt: bumpy so the light is scattered

Front 7

Label the diagram

Back 7

Front 8

What are the 3 laws of reflection?

Back 8

.Angle of incidence=angle of reflection

.Things reflected in a mirror will be reversed (words will be backwards)

.Things reflected in the mirror appear the same distance away from the mirror line as the real object

Front 9

Definition of concave lens

Definition of convex lens

Back 9

.Caving in, diverging the light, separating the rays

.Bending out, converging the rays of light together so that they all meet

Front 10

Definition of refraction

Back 10

.When light changes speed crossing from one boundary to another. If it slows down it bends towards the normal and when it speeds up it bends away from the normal.

Front 11

What happens when you look at a fish that is beneath the surface of the water?

Back 11

.The actual fish will be deeper than we see it as the light is refracted and the light appears to travel in a straight line towards our eye when it actually changes direction at the surface.

Front 12

What is white light?

Back 12

All the colours of the spectrum in the same place at the same time, all these colours mixed together according to our brain makes a white light.

Front 13

How do we know about the colour spectrum in white light?

Back 13

We can use a triangular glass block as each colour travels at different speeds, which makes them spread out.

Front 14

What are the seven colours in the colour spectrum in order?

Back 14

.Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet (Richard Of York Gave Battle In Vain)

Front 15

What are the three primary light colours and what colours do they make?

Back 15

Front 16

Which primary colour/colours will a magenta book absorb and which will it reflect and why?

Back 16

It will absorb green and reflect blue and red as they make magenta and magenta is the colour that we see.

Front 17

How is sound made?

Back 17

By the vibrations in the air caused by the sound molecules moving through the air molecules making them vibrate, this is a sound wave.

Front 18

How does the frequency of sound waves affect the sound?

Back 18

The more frequent the sound waves the higher the pitch will be

Front 19

Number of vibrations each second =

Back 19

Frequency

Front 20

What is sound measured in?

Back 20

Hertz

Front 21

What is the amplitude of a sound wave?

Back 21

It is the loudness and the greater the difference in pressure between the rarefactions and the compression and the greater the distance that the air molecules vibrate.

Front 22

What can and what can't sound travel through and what is the quality of the sound through different things?

Back 22

Sound cannot travel through a vacuum as there are no molecules to vibrate, space for example. Sound is faster the denser the molecules it has to travel through such as a solid is easier for it to travel through while it is slower through air and is medium in liquid.

Front 23

How fast does sound travel in air, liquid and solids?

Back 23

.Air: 330-340 m/s

.Liquid:1500 m/s

.Solid:6000 m/s

Front 24

How do you find the speed of sound?

Back 24

Speed=distance/time

Front 25

Label the diagram

Back 25

Front 26

What is the human hearing range?

Back 26

20Hz to 20,000Hz

Front 27

With a string instrument, what makes it higher pitched?

Back 27

When you pluck the string the tighter it is the higher it will be.