Soil Sci. (Soil Fertility)

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refers to the quality of the soil to provide optimum level of nutrients for plant growth.

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Soil Fertility

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is the ability of a soil to support crop production determined by the entire spectrum of its physical, chemical and biological attributes.

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Soil Productivity

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In the 19th century, who is the German scientist formulated the “Law of the Minimum,”

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Jutus von Liebeg

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In the 19th century, the German scientist Justus von Liebig formulated the “Law of the Minimum,” which states that if one of the essential plant nutrients is deficient, plant growth will be poor even when all other essential nutrients are abundant.

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Liebeg Lawof Minimum

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How many essential elements’, which assist with different plant functions for growth and reproduction.

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17 nutrients

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All nutrients move relatively easily from the root to the growing portion of the plant through the xylem. Interestingly, some nutrients can also move from older leaves to newer leaves if there is a deficiency of that nutrient.

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Nutrient Mobility

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able to move) is very useful in diagnosing plant nutrient deficiencies because if only the lower leaves are affected, then its most likely difficient

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Mobile Nutrient

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Conversely, if only the upper leaves show the deficiency, then the plant is likely deficient, because that nutrient cannot move from older to newer leaves.

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Immobile Nutrient

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Carbon- CO2 , H2CO3

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Constituent of carbohydrates; necessary for photosynthesis

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Carbon defficiency

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Stunted and slow growth

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Hydrogen- H+, OH-, H2O

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Maintains osmotic balance; important in numerous reactions; constituent of carbohydrates

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Hydrogen defficiency

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Stunted and slow growth

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Oxygen- O2,

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Constituent of carbohydrates, necessary for respiration

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Defficiency symptoms of oxygen

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Stunted and slow growth

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needed by plants in large amount.

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Macro-minerals

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Nitrogen - NO3- , NH4+

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Constituent of proteins, chlorophyll and nucleic acids. The most limiting element in crop production except legumes.

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Nitrogen Defficiency symptoms

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Yellow coloration in a ‘V’ shaped pattern started from veins (from lower to upper leaves)

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Phosphorus - HPO4-2 , H2PO4 -

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Constituent of many proteins, coenzymes, nucleic acids and metabolic substrates

• Needed for the synthesis of energy

• Fasten maturity and improve rooting system Present in seeds in large amount than any other plant parts