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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a Ped |
A ped is a soil particle. |
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What is Soil Structure |
There are five major classes of structure seen in soils: platy, prismatic, columnar, granular, and blocky
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What is a clod |
A lump of earth or clay
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What 2 things cause soil particles to stick together |
? |
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What is apedal soil |
Soil structure is apedal if it lacks peds. Apedal structures may be massive or single grain |
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Name 2 types of apedal soil |
clay, loam |
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Name 3 types of pedalsoil |
sand, loamy sand, sandy loam |
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What are the main soil components |
Water , Air , Mineral , Organic matter, soil organisms. |
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What are the names of the different mineral fractions |
Clay , sand , silt , rocks |
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What is organic matter |
Organic matter in soils consists of the remains of plants and animals |
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What are the benefits of organic matter in soil |
Adds nutrients Improves soil structure Feeds and encourages organism activity |
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What is the normal proportion of organic matter in a mineral soil |
5% - 20% |
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What are the roles of a macropore and micropore |
Macropores have large pores, it increases drainage and quick water movement Micropores have very small pores and slower water movement |
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How much of soil volume should be air |
40 to 60% |
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Name 3 things that can be done to improve a course textured soil |
Add organic matter Water storing crystals Add OM |
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Name 3 things that can be done to improve fine textured soils |
Add OM improve sub surface drainage - Ag pipes Add gypsum |
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What is top soil |
Top soil is upper layer of soil. Usually highest in organic matter and darkest in colour |
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What is Sub-soil |
Subsoil is the layer of soil under the topsoil. Mixture of small particles such as sand, silt and/or clay, but it lacks the organic matter and humus content of topsoil. |
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What is Bedrock |
Bedrock is consolidated rock
Subsurface. May be unrelated to soil |
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What is humus |
Humus is dark, organic material that forms in soil when plant and animal matter decays. When plants drop leaves, twigs, and other material to the ground, it piles up. This material is called leaf litter. When animals die, their remains add to the litter
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01- Leaves (undecomposed organic matter) 02 -Humus (decomposing organic matter) A1- Top Soil A2 -Top soil B -Subsoil C1- Parent Material C2 - Parent Material D - Bedrock |
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