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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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social mobility |
is the movement of individuals, families, households, or other categories of people within or between social strata in a society. It is a change in social status relative to others' social location within a given society. |
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meritocracy |
a ruling or influential class of educated or skilled people. |
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caste system |
class structure that is determined by birth |
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class system |
Distinctions of wealth, income, education, culture, or social network might arise and would only be determined by individual experience and achievement in such a society. |
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social stratification |
a system by which a society ranks categories of people in a hierarchy |
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status inconsistency |
situation where an individual's social positions have both positive and negative influences on his or her social status. |
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conspicuous consumption |
expenditure on or consumption of luxuries on a lavish scale in an attempt to enhance one's prestige. |
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child slavery |
to the slavery of children at a young age |
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human trafficking |
the illegal movement of people, typically for the purposes of forced labor or commercial sexual exploitation. |
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Chattel |
A form of slavery in which a slave is considered property. |
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debt bondage |
A form of slavery in which someone borrows money in order to repay a different debt, and works off the new debt |
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Neocolonialism |
A process in which powerful nations use loans and economic power to maintain control over poor nations. |
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multinational corporations |
A huge business that operates in many countries |
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Colonialism |
the policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically. |
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servile forms of marriage |
Servile marriage involves a person being sold, transferred or inherited into marriage. |
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Privilege |
a special right, advantage, or immunity granted or available only to a particular person or group of people. |
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global stratification |
The categorization of countries based on objective criteria, such as wealth, power, and prestige, which highlight social patterns and inequality throughout the world. |
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racism |
the belief that all members of each race possess characteristics or abilities specific to that race, especially so as to distinguish it as inferior or superior to another race or races. |
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scapegoat |
person who is blamed for the wrongdoings, mistakes, or faults of others, especially for reasons of expediency |
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affirmative action |
an action or policy favoring those who tend to suffer from discrimination, especially in relation to employment or education; positive discrimination. |
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assimilation |
The process by which a person or persons acquire the social and psychological characteristics of a group: |
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institutional discrimination |
refers to the unjust and discriminatory mistreatment of an individual or group of individuals by organizations such as governments and corporations, financial institutions, public institutions, and other societal entities. |
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discrimination |
the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people or things, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex |
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prestige |
widespread respect and admiration felt for someone or something on the basis of a perception of their achievements or quality. |
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influence |
the capacity to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of someone or something, or the effect itself. |
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social capital |
the networks of relationships among people who live and work in a particular society, enabling that society to function effectively. |
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Race |
each of the major divisions of humankind, having distinct physical characteristics |
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cultural capital |
the ideas and knowledge that people draw upon as they participate in social life. |
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Income |
money received, especially on a regular basis, for work or through investments. |
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Power |
the ability to do something or act in a particular way, especially as a faculty or quality. |
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Stereotypes |
a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing |
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Miscegenation |
the interbreeding of people considered to be of different racial types. |
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Segregation |
the action or state of setting someone or something apart from other people or things or being set apart. |
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WASP |
White Anglo-Saxon Protestant is an informal term, sometimes disparaging, for a group of high-status and influential White Americans of English Protestant ancestry |
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Prejudice |
preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience. |
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scapegoat theory |
disadvantaged people who unfairly blame minorities for their own problems |
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authoritarian personality theory |
rigid moralists who see things in black and white |
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culture theory |
everyone has some prejudice because its embedded in culture |
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conflict theory |
self justification for the rich and powerful in the US |
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What are the consequence(s) of rapid population growth? |
1. diff. to meet basic needs 2. retards economic development 3. increases # in poverty |
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What are Rostow's stages of modernization? |
Traditional stage. Take Off. Drive to Technology. High mass consumption. |
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Modernization Theory |
poverty results from adherence to traditional values societies from competing |
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Dependency Theory |
Dependency theorists argue that rich societies seize the wealth created in poor societies for their own purposes |
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Modernization Theory |
Rather than seeing the high-income countries as part of the cause of global poverty, modernization theorists see it as part of the solution
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