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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
culture
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knowledge values customs and physical objects that are shared by members of a society
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society
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a specific territory inhabited by people who share a common culture
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instincts
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innate (unlearne) patterns of behavior
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reflex
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automatic reaction to physical stimulus
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drive
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impulse to reduce discomfort
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sociobiology
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the study of the biological basis of human behavior
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symbol
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a thing that stands for or represents something else
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hypothesis of linguistic relativity
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theory stating that our idea of reality depends largely upon language
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norms
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rules defining appropiate and inappropiate behavior
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folkways
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norms that lack moral signficance
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mores
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norms that have moral dimensions and that should be folled by members of the society
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taboo
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a rule of behavior the violation of which calls for strong punishment
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law
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a norm that is formally defined and enforced by officials
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sanctions
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rewards and punishments used to encourage people to follow norms
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formal sanctions
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sanctions imposed by persons given special authority
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informal sanctions
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rewards of punishments that can be appied by most members of a group
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values
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broad broad ideas about what is good or desirable shared by people ina society
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nonmaterial culture
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idea knowledge and beliefs that influence people's behaviors
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beliefs
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ideas about the nature of reality
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material culture culture
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the concrete tangible objects of a culture
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ideal culture
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cultral guidelines that group members claim to accept
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real culture
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actual behavior patterns of members of group
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social categories
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groupings of persons who share a social characteristic
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subculture
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a group deliberately and consciously opposed to certain central beliefs or attitudes of the dominant culture
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ethnocentrism
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judging others in terms of one's own cultural standards
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cultural universals
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general cultural traits that exist in all cultures
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cultural particulars
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the ways in which a culture expresses universal traits
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