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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Group |
something in common, believe it's important |
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aggregate |
in the same room, not belonging together |
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category |
statistic; people, objects, and events that have similar characteristics and are classified together |
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primary groups |
small group characterized by intimate, long-term, face-to-face association and cooperation |
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secondary groups |
larger, relatively temporary, more anonymous, formal, and impersonal group based on some interest or activity |
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voluntary association |
groups made up of people who voluntarily organize on the basis of some mutual interest |
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iron law of oligarchy (Robert Michels) |
formal organizations tend to be dominated by a small, self-perpetuating elite |
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in-group |
a group toward which one feels loyalty |
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out-group |
a group toward which one feels antagonism |
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reference groups |
a group whose standards we refer to as we evaluate ourselves |
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social network |
the social ties radiating outward from the self that link people together |
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clique |
cluster of people within a larger group who choose to interact with one another |
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bureaucracy |
formal organization with a hierarchy of authority and a clear division of labor; emphasis on impersonality of positions and written rules, communications, and records |
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goal displacement |
an organization displacing old goals with new ones; also known as goal replacement |
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alienation |
Marx's term for workers' lack of connection to the product of their labor; caused by workers being assigned repetitive tasks on a small part of a product - this leads to a sense of powerlessness and normlessness; other use the term in the general sense of not feeling a part of something |
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self-fulfilling stereotypes |
preconceived ideas of what someone is like that lead to the person's behaving in ways that match the stereotype |
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"hidden" corporate culture |
stereotypes of the traits that make for high-performing and underperforming workers |
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group dynamics |
the ways in which individuals affect groups and the ways in which groups influence individuals |
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small group |
small enough for everyone to interact directly with all the other members |
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dyad |
the smallest possible group, consisting of two persons |
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triad |
group of 3 |
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coalitions |
the alignment of some members of a group against others |
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leader |
someone who influences other people |
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instrumental leader |
individual who tries to keep the group moving toward its goals; task-oriented leader |
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expressive leader |
increases harmony and minimizes conflict in a group; socioemotional leader |
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leadership styles |
ways in which people express their leadership |
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authoritarian leader |
gives orders |
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democratic leader |
tries to gain a consensus |
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laissez-faire leader |
highly permissive |
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groupthink |
a narrowing of thought by a group of people, leading to the perception that there is only one correct answer and that to even suggest alternatives is a sign of disloyalty |
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The sociologist who addressed small group dynamics in his research in the early 1900's was: |
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Another name for the socioemotional leader is the: |
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