Sociology - A Global Introduction, 5Th Edition, Chapter 8

Front 1

What is social division?

Back 1

Human differences that are socially significant.

Front 2

What is social stratification?

Back 2

A system by which a society ranks categories of people in a hierarchy.
It is developed historically, structural and difficult to change but possible.

Front 3

What are the 5 basic principles of social stratisication?

Back 3

1) social stratification is a characteristic of society, not simply a reflection of individual differences.

2) social stratification persists over generations.

3) social stratification is universal but variable
what is unequal and how unequal it is varies

4) social stratification involves not just inequality but beliefs

5) social stratification produces shared identities

Front 4

What does social mobility mean?

Back 4

Change in one’s position in a social hierarchy.
(can be upwards or downwards)

Front 5

What is the processes of stratification?

Back 5

- social exclusion and marginalization
- exploitation
- powerlessness
- cultural imperialism
- violence

Front 6

What is intersectionality?

Back 6

The ways in which different forms of inequality and division interact with each other.

Front 7

Explain slavery:

Back 7

A form of social stratification in which people are owned by others as property.

Front 8

What is the caste system?

Back 8

A form of social stratification based on inherited (geerbt) status or ascription (Zuschreibung). It is closed so that birth alone determines one’s social destiny without the opportunity of social mobility.

-Indien

Front 9

What is social class?

Back 9

The social stratification resulting from the unequal distribution of wealth, power and prestige.

Front 10

What is meant by structural social mobility?

Back 10

A shift in the social position of large numbers of people due to changes in society itself than to individual efforts.

e.g. Industrialization

Front 11

How have systems of social inequality persisted (bestehen) over time?

Back 11

1) ideology (people who believe in social class)
2) Habitualization (gewohnheitsmäßig)
3) Subjugation (Abhängigkeit)
4) Coercion (Zwang) & violence

Front 12

What is meritocracy?

Back 12

A system of social stratification based on personal merit (Verdienst).

Front 13

What are the three distinct dimensions (Weber)?

Back 13

1) Economic inequality (class position)
2) Status (social prestige)
3) Power

Front 14

What is socioeconomic status?

Back 14

A composite ranking based on various dimensions of social inequality.

Front 15

What is class inequality?

Back 15

It is the predominant form social inequality took with industrialization.

Front 16

What does exchange mobility indicates?

Back 16

Actual social openness (= ideal of a meritocratic society).

Front 17

Where does "intragenerational mobility" takes place?

Back 17

During the individual’s lifetime.

e.g. career moves

Front 18

Where does intergenerational mobility takes place?

Back 18

Between generations.

e.g. when children end up in another class than their parents