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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the agents of socialization?
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1. family
2. school 3.peer groups 4. mass media |
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What theory did John Watson come up with?
And what does it mean? |
Behaviorism
It means that people are equally human, only differing in cultural patterns |
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Explain Kohlberg's theory of moral development?
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pre-conventional-what feels good to me
conventional-what pleases others post-conventional-they start to think about freedom,liberty and justice |
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What three parts make up Freud's model of human personality?
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1.id-innate human drives
2.superego-cultural values and norms 3.ego-resolves competition between demands of id and restraints of superego |
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Explain Piaget's theory of cognitive development(four stages)?
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1.sensorimotor-(birth-2) senses
2.preoperational-(2-7) uses of simple language and symbols 3.concrete-operational(7-11) connection 4.formal operational(12+)depending on others. 30% of people never reach this stage |
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What are Thomas & Chess' characteristics when measuring temperament?
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1.activity level
2.rhymicity 3.approach-withdraw 4.adaptibility 5.threshhold of responsiviness 6.intensity of reaction 7.quality of mood 8.distractibility 9.attention span |
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What does Cooley mean by "looking glass self?"
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we see ourselves as we imagine others see us
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Name Erikson's 8 stages of development and what the challenges for each stage are?
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1.infancy-trust vs mistrust
2.toddlerhood-autonomy vs doubt and shame 3.preschool-iniative vs guilt 4.preadolescence-industriousness vs inferiority 5.adolescence-identity vs confusion 6.young adulthood-intimacy vs isolation 7.middle adulthood-making a difference vs self absorbtion 8.old age-integrity vs despair |
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define conformity?
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pursuing conventional goals through approved means
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define stigma?
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a powerful negative label that greatly changes a person's self concept and social identity
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define socialization?
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the way individuals develop their humanity and particular identities
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define rehabilitation?
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a program for reforming the offender to prevent subsequent offenses
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define retribution?
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an act of moral venegeance by which society inflicts suffering on an offender comparable to that caused by the offense.
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define societal protection?
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a means by which society renders an offender incapable of further offenses temporarily through incarceration or permently by execution
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define medicalization of deviance?
and give examples? |
the transformation of moral and legal deviance into a medical condition.
ex.alcholism,overeating,drug addition,and child abuse |
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define Hirschi's control theory and what are the four types of social control?
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social control depends on imaging the consequences of one's behavior
1.attachment 2.commitment 3.involvement 4.belief |
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explain Durkheim's essential functions of deviance?
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1.affirms cultural values and norms
2.clarifies moral boundaries 3.promotes social unity 4.encourages social change |
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explain Merton's strain theory of deviance?
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the extent and kind of deviance depend on whether a society provides the means to achieve cultural goals
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define hate crimes?
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criminal act against a person or person's property by an offender motivated by racial or other bias
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explain Carol Gilligan's research on moral development between boys and girls?
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the two sexes use different standards of rightness.
boys-have justice perspective girls-have a care and responsibility perspective. |
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define wealth?
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the total value of money and other assets minus outstanding debts
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define income?
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wages or salary from work and earnings from investments
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explain primary deviance?
and give examples? |
violation that has slight reaction from others and little effect on person's self concept.
ex. skipping school, underage drinking |
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explain secondary deviance?
and give example? |
a person repeatedly viloates a norm and begins to take on a deviant identity.
ex. when people define someone as a boozer then omit him from their social circle, he then might start to hang around people who accept his behavior. |
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define poverty?
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a deprivation of resources that is lifethreatening
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define relative poverty?
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the deprivation of some people in relation to those who have more
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what is poverty level?
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3 times the cost of food for the number of people in family
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define deterrence?
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the use of punishment to discourage crimality
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define deviance
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the recognized violation of cultural norms
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explain welfare with the guildelines of the government?
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federal government provides funding,states set their own qualifications and benefits but they must limit assistance to 2 consecutive years with a lifetime limit of 5 years
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