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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Inductive vs. Deductive Reasoning |
Inductive: data gathering ---> theory Deductive: theory ---> data gathering |
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What are the types of sociological research? |
Exploratory Descriptive Explanatory Evaluation Empowerment |
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What does exploratory research focus on? |
better understanding hint: Let me explore your situation so that I can better understand you. |
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What does descriptive research focus on? |
note characteristics hint: i will describe the characteristics to you |
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What does explanatory research focus on? |
clarify aspects hint: i will clarify the aspects by explaining them to you |
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What does evaluation research focus on? |
evaluates social programs |
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What does empowerment research focus on? |
improve conditions hint: imp/emp, empower the people by improving their conditions |
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The steps to the sociological research project |
•Research question:topic •Literature review:sociological databases•Narrowed focus:make research doable•Research design:outline key components •Data collection:apply concrete methods •Data analysis:compile into useful format•Conclusions:what do the data tell you? •Report findings:article? conference? |
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Tri-Council Policy Statement (ethics in research) |
Respect: volunteers, debrief, anonymous Concern for welfare: minimize harm Justice: respect, and treat fairly |
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Define Qualitative Research |
-Understand the quality or nature of a -phenomenon -Inductive reasoning -Researcher is his own research equipment |
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Define quantitative research |
-numerical data for statistical analysis -deductive reasoning -uses measurement devices |
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What are the 5 research methods? |
-Experiment -Survey -Interview -Secondary Data Analysis -Ethnography |
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Are experiments inductive or deductive? |
-Deductive: test hypothesis in controlled enviro |
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Are experiments qualitative or quantitative? |
-qualitative or quantitative |
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Outline the different variables for experiments |
-the outcome that is measured is the dependent variable -at least one independent variable is manipulated -there is a control group |
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Strengths of experiments |
-controlled environment -can test casually |
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Limitations of experiments |
-artificial -low generalizability |
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What is a less controlled type of experiment? |
Field experiment |
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Are surveys inductive or deductive? |
Deductive |
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Are surveys qualitative or quantitative? |
Quantitative |
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Strengths of a survey |
-high response rates -sensitive information attainable |
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Limitations of a survey |
-accuracy -precise wording/answers |
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Are interviews inductive or deductive? |
Inductive |
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Are interviews qualitative or quantitative? |
Qualitative |
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What are the types of interviews? Explain them. |
Standardized: everyone is asked the same questions, with no variation Unstandardized: variation in questions and how they are asked Focus Groups: moderator interviews a larger group |
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Strengths of interviewing |
- higher response rate - interviewer can clarify questions |
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Limitations of interviewing |
Group dynamics can be a problem |
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Is secondary data analysis inductive or deductive? |
It can be either |
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Is secondary data analysis quantitative or qualitative? |
It can be either |
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What are the types of secondary data analysis? |
-archival: stats canada -historical: analysis of historical data -content: texts or images -disourse: how is language used? |
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Strengths of secondary data analysis |
-large data pools -convenience |
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Limitations of secondary data analysis |
- data was collected for a different purpose - may be incomplete or biased |
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Is ethnography inductive or deductive? |
Doesn't say |
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Is ethnography qualitative or quantitative? |
Either. |
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What is action research? |
Pursues change |
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What are the strengths of ethnography? |
-natural environment -rich, detailed info. |
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What are the limitations of ethnography? |
-can develop biases -accessing or exiting research situations (e.g gangs) |
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Is my fiancee an eagle bean? |
Yes. Yes she is. |
