Social Psychology Test 3

Front 1

self schemas and function

Back 1

a belief people hold about themselves that guidesthe processing of self relevant information
function of schema to self hypothesis to theory

Front 2

self reference effect

Back 2

The self-reference effect is the tendency for individuals to recall information related to ones self
studies such as rogers kupirk and kirving

Front 3

self complexity

Back 3

people differ in arrangement of thoughts concerning self in terms of organizational complexity
lower self complexity the more extreme emotional relationships

Front 4

the strongest correlation have been found for which of these three linkages?

Back 4

intrapersonal congruence

Front 5

introspection

Back 5

contemplation of your own thoughts desires and conduct
no thinking carefully about why one feels doe snot always lead to better decisions

Front 6

Bems self perception theory

Back 6

we know ourselves based on the analysis of our own behavior
when internal cues are diifcult to interpret: no strong feelings or attitudes (weak attitude)
in the absence of compelling situational pressure(no obvious external cause)

Front 7

Eisenberg study foot in the door

Back 7

rejection of doing a large favor will want person to agree to doing a small favor used in kindergarten second and fifth graders kinder immune but 5th grade just as susceptible as adults and 2nd graders in between

Front 8

overjustification effect

Back 8

tendency for intrinsic motivation to diminish the activities that have become associated with reward or other extrinsic factors can be dangerous
if rewarded from beg loss of interest would persist if no award is gven without award will participate no moatter what little kids and markers

Front 9

lepper ,greene,nisbett study

Back 9

kids were given markers split up into three groups one told would be awarded one left alone one awarded by surprise onees ith award promised didnt participate while others did without promise of reward

Front 10

carol dweck praising children

Back 10

praising can lead to children believing intelligence can be changed in effort versus being praised for an a that shows only appraisal is offered for good grades intelligence cant be changed

Front 11

two factor theory of emotion

Back 11

must feel psychological arousal
must make cognitive interpretation
cognitive label
psychological arousal

Front 12

schacter and singer experiment

Back 12

males given epinephrine or placebo
epinephrine group either informed or misinformed about effects of epi drug
missinformed groups matched conferderate state

Front 13

results s & s experiment

Back 13

labels 2
1.increasing anxiety one explanation for arousal no intense emotional state
2. not given info no expected side effects no explanation for euphoric state
highest level of anger epi drug uninformed

Front 14

self discrepancy theory

Back 14

match or mismatch between how we see ourselves and how we want to percieve ourselves
self guide vs actual self
ideal self vs actual self dissapointmet vs happiness
ought self vs actual self shame vs pride

Front 15

self discrepancy cont.

Back 15

ought self more depressed
ideal frustrated dissapointed

Front 16

self awareness theory

Back 16

situations can cause us to be focused on self focus on discrepancies between standard and behavior if change is not possible than ppl try to reduce self awareness
selfawareness + negative outcome+=motivation for change
alcohol lowers self awareness

Front 17

private self conciousness

Back 17

the tendency to introspect about our inner thoughts and feelings

Front 18

public self conciousness

Back 18

tendency to focus on our outer self image

Front 19

upward social comparison

Back 19

individuals compare themselves to others who are deemed socially above them in some way. want to be part of the elite intentionally compare with others to make themselves more positive

Front 20

downward social comparison

Back 20

defensive tendency to evaluate oneself with a comparison group whose troubles are more serious than one's own. This tends to occur when threatened people look to others who are less fortunate than themselves
patient with breast cancer sees her self beeter off with removal of lump then losing her breast

Front 21

sociometer theory

Back 21

introduced by mark leary gauge of self esteem of interpersonal relationships

Front 22

terror management theory

Back 22

The theory builds from the assumption that the capability of self-reflection and the consciousness of one’s own mortality can be regarded as a continuous source for existential anguish. This "irresolvable paradox" is created from the desire to preserve life and the realization of that impossibility (because life is finite).

Front 23

BIRG
&
CORF

Back 23

basking in reflected glory associate themselves with successful others in order to raise our self esteem
Cut off reflected failure by distancing ourselves from otherrs who fail

Front 24

self handicapping

Back 24

excuse making after failure attribute outcome to external causes males most likely wiht high public s.conc females less?
males taking drugs neglecting practice woman under stress physical symptoms

Front 25

high self monitors

Back 25

sensitive to strategic self presentation concerns able to change appearence of self to fit situation motivated to be perceived as optimally distinctive

Front 26

low self monitors

Back 26

more connected with self verification

Front 27

high v low monitors

Back 27

h more friends more differntial friendship networks, pay attention to outer appearence
lmore upset when fail to meet personal standards for themselves relatively consistent posture across situations

Front 28

self verification theory

Back 28

desire to have others to percieve us as we truly perceive ourselves

Front 29

self presentation

Back 29

strategies pp use to shape what other ppl think of them

Front 30

tricomponent view of attitudes

Back 30

attitudes lasting general evaluations three effects abc
affect how you feel about object
behavior how you act toward object
cognition what you believe about object

Front 31

modern view

Back 31

attitude= belief+affective evaluation

Front 32

how attitudes are measured

Back 32

likert scale a mutiple item questionnaire designed to measure a persons attitude toward some object
bogus pipeline phony lie detector device given to get truthful answers to sensitive questions
observable behavior emg records facial activity associated with emotions and attitudes

Front 33

IAT implicit association test

Back 33

based on we have implicit atitudes that one is not aware of happening measures the speed at which one responds to paring of concepts

Front 34

wickers 1969 correlation

Back 34

.30 for 9%

Front 35

factors that affect attitude

Back 35

passionate attitudes that directly affected ones direct personal experience(own outcomes and self interests)
related to deeply held philosophical, political and religious views.
were in concern to ones close friends and family and social in groups
private v public self awareness

Front 36

planned behavior theory

Back 36

theory of attitudes toward a specific behavior combine with subjective norms and percieved control to influence a persons actions

Front 37

ELM elaboration liklihood model

Back 37

is a model of how attitudes are formed and changed (see also attitude change). Central to this model is the "elaboration continuum", which ranges from low elaboration (low thought) to high elaboration (high thought). The ELM distinguishes between two routes to persuasion: the central route and the peripheral route.
peripheral route Peripheral route processes, on the other hand, do not involve elaboration of the message through extensive cognitive processing of the merits of the actual argument presented. These processes often rely on environmental characteristics of the message, like the perceived credibility of the source, quality of the way in which it is presented, the attractiveness of the source, or the catchy slogan that contains the message.
central route processes are those that require a great deal of thought, and therefore are likely to predominate under conditions that promote high elaboration. Central route processes involve careful scrutiny of a persuasive communication (e.g., a speech, an adv

Front 38

route selection

Back 38

source message and audience three factors
clearly imporatant bright involved auience cares abou audience take central route
source speaks fast trivial message pressed for time or uninterested ppl take the peripheral route

Front 39

2 ingredients message credible

Back 39

competence or expertise
trustworthiness

Front 40

2 ingredients message likeablr

Back 40

similarity
physical attractiveness

Front 41

sleeper effect

Back 41

a delayed increase in the persuasive impact of a noncredible source
more likely to occur when you pay close attention to the message w/ an accepting attitude and when you learn about discounting cue after message has been recieved

Front 42

fear in a message

Back 42

very useful the more personally vulnerable people feel about threatned outcome the more attentive they are to follow the recommendations contained with in the fear appeal lawyers use it in the courts cults

Front 43

humor in a message

Back 43

central route

Front 44

inoculation effect/hypothesis

Back 44

idea that exposure to weak versions of a persuasive argument increases later resistance to that argument

Front 45

physiological reactance

Back 45

ppl react against threats to their freedom by asserting themselves and percieving the threatened freedom as more attractive forewarning activates physiological reactance especially when individuals view the persuaisve attempt as self relevant

Front 46

cognitive dissonance theory

Back 46

holding inconsistent cognitions arouses psychological tension that peoplebecome motivated to reduce
change your attitude
change your perception of the behavior
add consonant cognitons
minimize the importance of the conflict
reduce the perceived choice

Front 47

festinger and carlsmith study

Back 47

subject participated in an extremly boring study but is asked to tell the next participant the experiment was enjoyable offered 1 or 20 dollars to lie to unsuspecting participant ppl with a dollar enjoyed it most

Front 48

insufficent justification effect

Back 48

participants experienced cognitive dissonance had insufficent justifications for lying
showed phenomena of self persuasion contradicted that big rewards produce greater change

Front 49

insufficient deterrence effect

Back 49

a condition in which ppl refrain from engaging in a desireable activity even when only mild punishment is threatened

Front 50

aronson justification effect

Back 50

mild threat 33% played w toy on second trial
severe threat 77% played w toy on second trial

Front 51

self affirmation theory

Back 51

how ppl reduce the impact of a threat to there self concept by focusing on and affirming there competence in some other area
motivations to protect self integretity can result in defensive responses

Front 52

impression management theory

Back 52

what matters is not a motive to be consistent but a motive to appear consistent