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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is included in Social Influence? |
ComplianceObedienceConformity (to groupnorms)Persuasive influence(long term attitude change) |
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Define Compliance |
Superficial publictransitory change in behaviour and expressed attitudes |
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What causes compliance? |
Response to requestsCoercion Group pressure |
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Outline the 6 types of Power (real or perceived) which isthe basis of compliance |
1) Reward 2) Coercive 3) Informative 4) Expert 5) Legitamate 6) Referrent |
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Are power and influence similar or separate processes?Explain |
Power does not requireinfluence |
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Obedience is affected by 3 factors. Name them |
Proximity andlegitimacy of authorityImmediacy, proximityof victimDegree of socialsupport |
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What did Milgram’s experiments on obedience reveal? |
Increase in proximity= increase in obedience |
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Describe the Lucifer Effect |
Situational factors /conditions can obscure (make permeable) the line between good and evil |
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What is the Argenic State hypothesized by Milgram? How doesit progress? |
Frame of mind Characterizesunquestioning obedience, in which people (agents) transfer personalresponsibility to person giving orders Starts unconsciouslythen increases with commitment to action) |
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Define conformity. What is it due to? |
Internalizing of groupnorms Deep-seated privateand enduring change in behaviour and attitude due to group pressure / groupnorms |
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The Auto Kinetic Effect states under what conditions dogroup norms emerge to guide behaviour and produce conformity? Give an example |
Conditions ofuncertainty More likely to conformin public rather than private situations |
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Conformity is influenced more likely by certain types ofgroups than others. Explain |
More influenced byReference Groups (psychologically linked) than Membership Groups (e.g. family) |
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People are more likely to conform due to what individualfactors? |
Low IQ, external locusof control, high self-monitoring, socially anxious, fearful of criticism, highdesire for social approval/affiliation, feel low status in group, collectivist |
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People are more likely to conform due to what situationalfactors? |
Groups that arelarger, contain friends, unanimous and/or have high level of prestige, membersconsidered competent, feel valued, role assignment based on sharedcharacteristics |
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What are the 3 underlying processes to Conformity? Describethe 2 traditional views and what was added last based on Social Identityperspective? |
Informationalinfluence: When experiencing subjective uncertainty, look to others for info Normative influence: goalis social approval/acceptance Referent Informationalinfluence (last added, has 3 steps) |
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Under what conditions does informational influence lose itspower to cause conformity? |
If told it is anillusion |
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Under what conditions does normative influence gainadditional power to cause conformity? |
If the group usesreward/punish power |
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Social Identity theory is concurrent with the idea that referentinformation influence underlines conformity. Describe its 3 steps. |
1) Self-Categorisation(in-group) 2) Learning norms thataccentuate similarities (in-group) and differences (out-group) 3) Assignment of normsto self *Must already be partof group |
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Define Minority Influence |
Social influence process when minorities change attitudes of themajority |
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Under what conditions is MinorityInfluence more likely to prevail? |
If consistent Demonstrates autonomy (strength together) Comprise (degree of flexibility) Shows investment in position |
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Conversion theory statesmajorities and minorities cause influence via different processes. What arethey? |
Comparison Process – Exposure to Majority viewValidation Process – Exposure to Minority View |
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Describe the Comparison Processof Conversion Theory |
Exposure to Majority View Desire to be liked and to be correctSuperficial processing of majority’s positionPublic acceptance Manifest/Public influence |
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Describe the Validation Processof Conversion Theory |
Exposure to Minority View Intrigue and desire to understand Deep Processing of minority’s position Private acceptance Latent/Private Influence |
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Deviant ideas can producesdelayed acceptance when exposed to a minority view. Why? |
Requires cognitive conflict/restructuring |
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What levels of processing occurrespectively when exposed to majority and minority views? |
Superficial Processing Deep Processing |
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What are the theories behind minority influence? |
Social Identity Theory Self-CategorizationTheory |
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How does categorisation depend on whether influence occurs? |
Intra-GroupComparisons – decreases influence due to minority’s “otherness” is highlighted(seen as out-group) Inter-GroupComparisons – increases influence due to minority seen as part of in-group |
