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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ia a behavior that is done voluntary and done with the intent of helping another person. |
Prosocial behavior |
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When oridinary people give commands closer to experimenter Closer to viewer W/confederate modeling defiance
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Reduced Increase Decrease Decrease |
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A theory that people will exhibit preferences for helping blood relative's bc this will increase the odds that their genes will be transmitted to generations, more likely to help the younger generation |
Kin Seclection theory |
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A form of helping in which the ultimate goal of the helper is to increase his or her own welfare |
Egoistic helping |
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A form of helping in which thr e ultimate goal of the helper is to increase anothers welfare without expecting anything in return |
Altruistic helping |
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A theory proposing that experiencing empathy for someone in need produces altruistic motive for helping |
Empathy- Altruism hypotheses |
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People help in order to counteract their own feelings or sadness. |
Negative state relief |
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Similarity, modeling, social norms, rural vs urban environments |
External factors |
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Mood personality |
Internal factors |
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People are expected to help those who have helped them ( mutual exchange) |
Norm of reprocity |
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A social norm stating that we should help when others are in need or depending upon us. (liberal's vs. Republicans) stress individual |
Social responsibility |
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Stating we should help only when we believe that others deserve our assistance (liberal's vs democrats) |
Norm of social justice |
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Attending to situation Decide emergency Assume responsibility Decide action Perform |
Bystander intervention |
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The belief that the presence of other people in a situation makes one less personally responsible for events that occur in that situation increase in bystanders. |
Diffusion of responsibility |
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Involves using aggression to help achieve some other goal. |
Instrumental aggression |
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The goal is simply to harm someone or something |
Hostile aggression |
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Any form of behavior directed toward the goal of harming another being or social object who is motivated to avoid such treatment |
Aggression |
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Aggression stems from a condition that arouses the motive to harm or injure others. |
Drive theories |
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People become frustrated when they don't get what they want |
FAH hypotheses |
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Intermittent rewards and extinction Punishments must be immediate and consistent. |
Operant conditioning |
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We learn from the examples of others as well as from direct experiences with rewards and punishments |
Social learning |
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Behavior pattern which consists of high levels of competitiveness, time urgency, and hostility More likely than type B to engage in _ aggression Equally likely as type Bs to engage in _ aggression |
Type A Hostile Instrumental |
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Teaching _ responses Modeling restraint Internalizing anti agression beliefs Apologizing Social skills training Reducing exposure to violence |
Reducing agression |
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A collection of individuals who are perceived to be bonded together in a coherent unit sharing a common goal |
Group |
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To help the group achieve its tasks |
Instrumental roles |
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To provide emotional support and maintain morale |
Expressive roles |
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Cooperation Gain self- knowledge Boost ones status Accomplish social change |
Benefits of groups |
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Limits personal freedom Groups have demands that must be met May disapprove of group policies |
Costs of groups |
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The enhancement of dominant responses due to the presence of others |
Social facilitation |
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Increases arousal and the dominant response |
Mere exposure |
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The arousal leading to a better performance is due to our anxiety over being judged by others |
Evaluation- Apprehension |
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Conflict over whether to attend to the task or to other people ( produces the arousal for social facilitation) |
Distraction conflict |
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Reduction in individual output when efforts are pooled and cannot be individually judged. |
Social loafing |
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The belief that the presence of other people makes one less personally responsible for the events that occur in a situation |
Diffusion of responsibility |
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Occurs when an individual performs alone in front of an audience Occurs when a group and individual cannot be identified |
Social facilitation Social loafing |
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Reduced self awareness and social identity brought on by external conditions typically being an anonymous member of a crowd. |
Deindividualization |
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Any situation in which the most rewarding short term choice for an individual will ultimately cause negative consequences for the group as a whole |
Commons dilemma |
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Through group discussion the exaggeration of initial tendencies in thinking |
Group polarization |
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Excessive tendencies to seek concurrency among group members Highly cohesive groups Group structure Stressful situations |
Group think |
