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128 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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a SALESPERSON AT A DEPARTMENT STORE TREATS YOU IN A RUDE, UNFRIENDLY MANNER. iF YOU, LIKE MANy OTHER PEOPLE, ARE SUSCEPTIBLE TO THE "FUNDAMENTAL ATTRIBUTION BIAS" YOU WILL PROBABLY CONCLUDE THAT:
a. the salesperson is having a bad day b. you remind the salesperson of his mother c. the salesperson is essentially a rude person d. you acted in some way that clicited rudeness |
c. the salesperson is essentially a rude person - tendency to overestimate the effects of dispositional factors when making attributions about the actions of other people.
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According to social comparison theory:
a. we feel better if people like us b. we judge our own actions by looking at those of other people c. we tend to imitate other people who are most like us d. we like those people best who compare favorably with us |
b. we judge our own actions by looking at those of other people - predicts that people make judgments about themselves by comparing their behaviors and beliefs to those of others
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Psychological reactance is occurring when a person:
a. is persuaded by a weak message b. votes against the majority opinion even though she supports it c. does the opposite of what she is requested to do d. acts in accordance to subtle cures in the environ |
c. does the opposite of what she is requested to do
- because she feels the request violates her personal freedom |
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In a group decision-making situation, one of the seven group members holds a different opinion than the other six members. If that member continues to stick to his initial position in a consistent manner:
a. he will be ostracized or eventually expelled from the grou b. members will attempt to pacity him by appearing to agree c. the pressure for him to change his opinion will gradually increase d. he may eventually change the opinions of other group members |
d. he may eventually change the opinions of other group members - if a minority sticks to his position, eventually he may change the opinions of others and that this change in opinion often reflects a real change rather than a simple compliance or conformity
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Festinger concluded that subjects paid $1 subsequently described a dull experiment as interesting because:
a. they were forced to comply with the attitude of a confederate b. their judgments were affected by a "self-serving" bias c. they concluded that their behavior was the result of the context in which it occurred d. they made a dispositional attribution because the context did not provide them with an explanation for their behavior |
d. they made a dispositional attribution because the context did not provide them with an explanation for their behavior - in the original study, the $1 subjects said they enjoyed the dull experiment after trying to convince others to participate in the experiment. Festinger believed this was because there was no external justification for describing the experiment as interesting, and the subjects actually changed their attitudes in order to reduce their "cognitive dissonance"
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As a control for aggression, threats of retaliation:
a. are almost always ineffective b. are more likely to be effective if the retaliator has high status c. are more likely to be effective if the retaliator is highly disliked d. are more likely to be effective if the retaliator is a friend or sibling |
b. are more likely to be effective when the retaliator has high status
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When men view pornography that depicts violence toward women:
a. they become more accepting of violence toward women b. they become sexually aroused but less aggressive, even when provoked c. they become more willing to support women's rights d. they have more empathy toward the victims of violent crimes |
a. they become more accepting of violence toward women
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The approach-avoidance conflict model predicts that as you get closer to a goal
a. the positive aspects of the goal continue to increase, while the negative aspects decrease b. the negative aspects of the goal continue to increase, while the positive aspects decrease c. the positive and negative aspects of the goal both increase, but the negative aspects increase more d. the positive and negative aspects of the goal both increase, but the positive aspects increase more |
c. the pos and neg aspects of the goal both increase, but the negative aspects increase more - as the distance from the goal decreases, the strength of both the approach gradient and avoidant gradient increase, but the strength of the avoidant gradient increases more rapidly
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Prison inmates convicted of violent crimes are provided with social skills training in order to reduce their future aggressive behaviors and facilitate their transition to society after their release. This is an example of
a. primary prevention b. secondary prevention c. tertiary prevention d. quadinary prevention |
c. tertiary prevention
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The three types of prevention are arranged in order of conceptual "distance" from the symptoms of an illness or condition. _____ can be thought of as being closest to the illness, because it is designed to prevent recurrence of the problem.
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Tertiary
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______ involves early detection and treatment of problems before they develop into full-blown illness.
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secondary prevention
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____ is aimed at preventing problems before they occur in the first place.
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Primary prevention
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A 17yo male has suddently begun engaging in numerous high-risk sexual encounters, getting very little sleep, and exhibiting an inflated self-esteem. His most likely diagnosis is:
a. ADHD b. Bipolar I disorder, Single Manic Episode c. Conduct Disorder |
b. Bipolar I Disorder, Single Manic Episode - decreased need to sleep, inflated self-esteem, and excessive involvement in pleasurable activities that are likely to result in painful consequences. another clue is that these behaviors began suddenly.
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_____ must begin before age 7 and has a chronic course with no clear onset.
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ADHD
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_____ is characterized by a persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated.
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conduct disorder
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Which of the following factors is associated with the worst prognosis for Schizophrenia?
a. male, pos symptoms, and late onset b. male, negative symptoms, and early onset c. female, negative symptoms, and early onset |
b. male, negative symptoms, and early onset - females have a better pronosis. Also positive symptoms which are more responsive to medications, as well as good premorbid adjustment, acute onset, precipitating events, and no family hx of Schizophrenia
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All of the following are true regarding Feminist Object Relations Theory except:
a. it emphasizes the importance of the maternal relationship with the child. b. it proposes that gender differences are the resultof girls being taught to remain attached to their mothers while boys are taught to separate from their mothers. c. it proposes that girls develop a healthier self-object when raised primarily by their father due to earlier separation from their mother d. it proposes that mothering "reproduces itself" since mothers perpetuate the oppressiveness of the division of labor. |
c.
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Despite his many accomplishments and positive feedback from his supervisor, a chlient believes his work performance is below average becasue he feels like a failure. This is an example of
a. minimization b. selective abstraction c. emotional reasoning d. personalization |
c. emotional reasoning - one of the several cognitive distortions described by Beck.
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______ refers to a person believing that because he feels a negative emotion, there must be a corresponding negative external situation.
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emotional reasoning
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_____ is seeing something as less significant than it really is.
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Minimization
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++++ occurs when one focuses on a detail, taken out of context, at thee xpense of other information.
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selective abstraction
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____ is the attribution of external events to oneself without evidence of a causal connection.
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personalization
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Deficits in prospective memory is most likely due to damage to which of the following?
a. basal ganglia b. prefrontal cortex c. corpus callosum d. parietal lobe |
b. prefrontal cortex - prospective memory refers to the ability to remember to perform an action at a particular point in the future. It has been hypothesized that the prefrontal cortex is most likely involved since it relates to executive functioning. It has also been suggested that the medial temporal area may play a role.
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The _____ controls voluntary movement.
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basal ganglia
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The ______ is a bundle of nerve fibers connecting the right and left hemispheres.
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corpus callosum
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The _____ controls somatosensory functions.
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parietal lobe
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Methylphenidate administered to children with ADHD is most likely to result in which of the following side effects:
a. hyperactivity b. dizziness c. loss of apetite d. increase in blood pressure |
c. loss of appetite
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The most resilient children are raised by parents who are:
a. low in control and high in warmth b. high in control and high in warmth c. high in demandingness and low in responsiveness |
b. high in control and high in warmth
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_____ parents express warmth but use little discipline.
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Permissive or Laissez fairre
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______ parents are high in control, but low in warmth.
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Authoritarian
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_______ children have difficulty controlling their impulses and although they are intelligent, they are not motivated to achieve.
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Permissive or Laissez fairre
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children have better coping skills, are more mature, responsible, and perform better on cognitive measures
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authoritative
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children are often insecure, dependent, and perform more poorly on cognitive tests?
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Authoritarian
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________ parents are low in both control and warmth, and their children have the worst coping skills.
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uninvolved/rejecting/neglecting
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Children tend to be antisocial, lack self-regulation, are more immature and score lower on cognitive tests.
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Uninvolved/rejecting/neglecting parents
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All of the following are true regarding young children's long-term recall except:
a. children 6 mos old can retain learned responses 14 days later b. children exposed to an event at 14 mos can remember it 8 mos later c. preschoolers can provide verbal reports of events that occurred during their second year of life d. children under the age of 2 years old cannot recall past events. |
d. - by the end of the first year of life, children have the capacity to recalla t least some aspects of past events
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Transformational leaders emphasize all of the following except:
a. stability b. interpersonal communication c. change d. higher-order needs |
a. stability - change-focused
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_____ leaders focus more on stability than change. They foster normal, work-related activities and typically motivate through reward and punishment.
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Transactional leaders
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Which of the following work schedules would most likely result in improved job satisfaction?
a. five-day fixed day shift b. compressed week c. rotating shifts on a weekly basis d. rotating shifts on a quarterly basis. |
b. compressed week
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_____ shifts result in lowered productivity and satisfaction, higher accident rates, and more physical and mental health problems.
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Rotating shifts
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Compressed schedules usually have no effect on _____ or _____.
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productivity or absenteeism
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_____ schedules result in improved productivity, absenteeism, and satisfaction.
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Flextime
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You have been treatinga 14yo female for the past year and during her final termination session she reports suicidal intent with a plan. You should:
a. attempt to make a no-suicide contract b. immediately contact the parents c. call the policy d. not allow the client to leave your office until the risk has passed |
b. immediately contact the parents - if not available, call the police of PET. Not allowing the client to leave your office is realistic.
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ATtemptin to make a _______ would not be the most prudent option when there is suicidal intent with a plan, especially during a termination session.
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no-suicide contract
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According to the Specialty Guidelines for Forensic Psychologists, if a psychological evaluation is ordered by a court and the defendant to be evaluated informs the evaluating psychologist that he does not wish to cooperate, the psychologist should:
a. conduct the eval b. refuse to conduct the eval c. refuse to conduct the eval unless the defendant consents d. postpone the evaluation and notify the defendant's attorney |
d. postpone the evaluation and notify the defendant's attorney
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According to Janet Helms, a White member of a city council meeting, which consists of members from different racial and cultural backgrounds, is most likely to work cooperatively if the members are in which stage of development:
a. contact b. integration c. reintegration d. autonomy |
d. autonomy - the last stage when a person internalizes a nonracist White identity, whereby similarities and differences are acknowledged but are not perceived as threatening
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______ is the first stage and is characterized by ignorance and disregard of any racial differences.
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Contact/White Racial Identity Development Model
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_______ is the next stage which involves awareness of racial inequalities which results in moral confusion and conflict.
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disintegration/White Racial Identity Development Model
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_____ the stage in which Whites are viewed as superior to minorities.
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reintegration/White Racial Identity Development Model
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_______ is marked by dissatisfaction with reintegration.
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Pseudo-Independence/White Racial Identity Development Model
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______ is the stage during which people embrace their whiteness without rejecting minorities.
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Imemrsion-Emersion/White Racial Identity Development Model
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_____ refers to Berry's AcculturationModel, in which a minority has a high retention for the minority culture and high maintenance of the mainstream culture.
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Integraion/Berr's Acculturation Model
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According to equity theory, individuals are most likely to feel content and maintain their level of performance when:
a. they perceive a balance between their contributions and the benefits they erceive b. they perceive their input-output ratio as equal to others c. they accept the goals, even if the goals were assigned by their supervisor |
b. they perceive their input-output ratio as equal to others
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The Big Five personality factors were based on which of the following approaches?
a. cognitive-behavioral b. industrial-organizational c. classical test theory d. lexical |
d. lexical -refers to the use of a dictionary. Atheoretical and used to identify the Big Five Personality traits by performing a factor analysis on all the personality traits found in the dictionary.
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The Big Five traits are:
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conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, openness, and emotional stability/neuroticism
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According to Fiedler's contingency theory, the most effective leaders:
a. are person-oriented, as opposed to task-oriented b. are able to alter their leadership style to fit the demands of the situation c. are able to alter their leadership style to match the characteristics of the employee d. have a leadership style that matches the demands of the situation |
d. have a leadership style that matches the demands of the situation
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According to Holland, a person who enjoys filing, copying, and data entry would have which of the following personality types?
a. realistic b. investigative c. conventional d. obsessive-compulsive |
c. conventional
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A young woman is very anxious because, lately, she finds that she frequently misperceives things in the environment, which has caused some embarrassing moments at work and elsewhere. For ex, at work, she mistook the coat rack for the company president. As a result, she is not enjoying her job or usual social activities as much as she used to. The woman's symptoms are most suggestive of
a. hallucinations b. illusions c. agoraphobia |
b. illustions - misperceiving actual stimuli and her other symptoms are directly related to this misperception.
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A misperception of a real stimulus is referred to as _____.
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an illusion
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As an organizational psychologist, Dr. Jobb will recommend frame-of-reference training in order to:
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reduce rater biases on performance appraisals
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In terms of divorce, the sleeper effect refers to:
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the appearance of symptoms in females who seemed to be doing well at the time of the divorce ten years earlier
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A young man who has been taking a neuroleptic for a long time develops tardive dyskinesia. Slowly withdrawing this drug:
a. may produce an irreversible increase in symptoms of TD b. will result in a quick reduction of TD c. may initially increase symptoms of TD but the increase will be followed by a decrease |
c. may intially increase symptoms of TD but the increase will be followed by a decrease
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Dr. Q has recently started working with a family consisting of a mother, father, and 5yo boy. The parents say the boy has become "impossible to manage" and they don't know what to do to control him. Dr. Q believes he will get a better idea of the family's dynamics if he is able to observe them at home. When he suggests this, the parents say tha, because of their religious beliefs, they cannot allow this. Dr. Q should:
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c. dtermine if there is an alternative and mutually agreeable location for the observation
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In their often-cited research study, Sue and his colleagues found that ethnic matching of therapist and client:
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improves therapy outcome and reduces premature termination for Asian-American and Mexican-American clients but has less of an effect on these variables for African-American clients.
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Which of the following is an application of negative punishment?
a. D.R.O. b. overcorrection c. Premack Principle d. time-out |
d. time-out - taking away a stimulus... taking away opportunities for positive reinforcement for a specified period of time
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REsearch on the approach-avoidance conflict has found that:
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the strength of the negative and positive qualities of the goal continue to increase the closer you get to the goal, but the strength of the negative qualities increases more.
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A child receives a Performance IQ score that is higher than her Verbal IQ score on the WISC. When interpreting this difference, it is important to keep in mind that:
a. the diff is not significant unless it is 20 points or more b. the difference may be significant if it is 12 points or more and the scatter on the Performance subtests is less than 9 points and the scatter on teh Verbal subtests is less than 7 point.s |
b. the difference may be significant if it is 12 points or more and the scatter on the Performance subtests is less than 9 points and the scatter on teh Verbal subtests is less than 7 point.s
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On the WISC, a ____ point difference between Verbal IQ and Performance IQ is considered significant.
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12
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On the WISC, if there is a wide scatter of the ____ and _____ subtest score, the difference may be meaningless.
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Verbal and Performance
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A quiet, lonely, introverted, and overly sensitive teenager with few friends is at high risk for suicide, with this risk increasing when these characteristics are combined with:
a. phycial health probs b. phobic anxiety c. antisocial behavior d. academic underachievement |
c. antisocial behavior - suicide risk is increased in the presence of hostile, aggressive, and other antisocial behaviors and/or substance abuse
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To use the statistical technique known as trend analysis, you need:
a. a quantitative independent variable b. a linear relationship between independent and dependent variables c. a true experimental research design d. two or more independent variables |
a. requires a quantitative independent variable
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______ is used to identify trands and requires a quantitative Independent Variable.
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Trend analysis
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You might use ____ for example, to determine if amount of time you spend studying is related to your score on the licensing exam in a linear or nonlinear fashion.
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Trend analysis
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Adding more easy to moderately easy items to a difficult test will:
a. decrease the test's floor b. increase the test's floor c. alter the test's floor only if there is an equal number of difficult to moderately difficult items |
b. increase the test's floor - floor refers to the lowest scores on a test/ceiling refers to the highest scores
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A test has adequate _____ when it can discriminate between people at the low end.
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floor
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You would consider a dx of Borderline Intellectual Functioning for an adolescent if his score on the WAIS is between _____ standard deviations below the mean.
a. .5 and 1.0 b. 1.0 and 2.0 c. 2.0 and 3.0 |
b. On the WAIS, the mean is 100 and the standard deviation is 15. This means that a score of 71 is slightly less than two standard deviations below the mean, and a score of 84 is slightly more than one standard deviation below the mean. As defined by the DSM, Borderline requires an IQ range of 71 and 84.
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Research on goal-setting theory suggests that it is:
a. applicable to the performance of males only b. applicable only to females in managerial jobs d. applicable to both males and females whether joals are set participatively or are assigned. |
d. applicable to both genders whether goals are set participatively or are assigned.
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To study attachment, a researcher has a mother of a one year old stand on the deep side of the visual cliff, while the child is placed on the shallow side. The researcher finds that when a mother smiles, the child crosses to its mother, and when the mother frowns, the child does not approach her and cries. This phenomenon is referred to as:
a. social distancing b. social referencing c. social facilitation/inhibition d. social comparison |
b. social referencing
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______ is considered a sign of attachment between a child and its caregiver.
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social referencing
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A psycho sends the MMPI to a client through the mail. The client will complete the test at home and return it to the psycho by mail. This is:
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unacceptable - you're responsible for maintaining test security. In addition, you'd want to administer the MMPI under controlled contitions to obtain valid results
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A defendent's ability to take part in and understand the proceedings against her in a criminal trial is an issue of:
a. sanity b. competence c. consent d. testamentary capacity |
b. competence
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The stages of the Minority Identity Development model developed by Atkinson, Morten, and Sue reflect changes in which of the following?
a. acculturation b. ego development c. locus of control d. self-awareness |
b. ego development
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Research suggests that minority adolescents score higher than white adolescents in which stage of ethnic identity development?
a. identity achievement b. moratorium c. foreclosure d. identity diffusion |
c. foreclosure - commitment to one's ethnicity without much exploration of what that means
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______, the adolescent struggles with alternatives among potential personal choices which leads to a commitment to a personal choice.
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During the identity achievment stage/ethnic identity development
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_____ implies a lack of commitment regardless of whether there has been a crisis.
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Identity deiffusion stage/ethnic identity development
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The _____ focuses on an ongoing crisis that as yet shows no clear commitment.
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moratorium stage/ethnic identity development
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If you are going to be tested on the definitions of unrelated words at 8am two weeks from today, you should keep in mind when deciding when to study that:
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retroactive interference is more of a concern if you study the week before the exam rather than the night before
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in the 1980s, a researcher Chen found that ants removed more balls of dirt while building tunnels when they were working with one or two other ants than when they were working alone. jSubsequent research on this "social facilitation" effect suggests that it is related to:
a. inceased arousal b. imitation c. competitiveness d. group norms |
a. increased arousal - apparently having others arous us while we work increases our arousal which can have a positive or negativ effect on performance, depending on the situation.
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Research on ECT suggests that:
a. memory deficits caused by ECT are cumulative and nearly always irreversible c. memory deficits are largely reversible although some problems with autobiographical memory may persist for months. |
c. memory deficits are largely reversible although some problems are autobiographical memory may persist for months
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To save time, a personnel manager interviews 10 job applicants and then picks the best one rather than interviewing all 30 people who applied for the job. This type of decision-making is predicted by the:
a. administrative model b. rational-economic model c. transactional model d. nonrational model |
a. administrative model - satisficing
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According to the _______ model, decision-making involves considering all possible alternatives.
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rational-economic
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In contrast to traditional organizational culture, a quality-oriented culture emphasizes all of the following except:
a. using cross-training so that each worker can perform a variety of tasks b. viewing workers as requiring continuous learning and development c. basin rewards on long-term (versus short-term) achievement d. rewarding employees for individual (versus group) achievement |
d. rewarding employees for individual achievement - instead they emphasize rewarding group performance and organization-level achievement
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Erikson proposed that psychosocial development continues throughout the lifespan. Successful resolution of the conflict of the final stage of development results in
a. formation of intimate relationships b. development of a sense of meaning |
d. development of a sense of meaning
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Erikson proposed that psychosocial development continues throughout the lifespan. successful resolution of the conflict of the final stage of development results in:
a. |
sense of meaning
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Long-term potentiation was initially observed in the cells of the:
a. basal ganglia b. amygdala c. hippocampus |
d. hippocampus - linked to the formation of long-term memories.
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If the normal clinical dose of methylphenidate is given to a child who does not have ADHD, you would expect the child to:
a. exhibit severe manic-like symptoms b. exhibit an increased attention span. d. show no change in bx |
b. exhibit an increased attention span.... subsequent research shows similar effects for both normal children and adults
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The object relations approach focuses on the role of _____ in personality development and views it as being an innate drive.
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attachment
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Studies have been conducted to determine the relationship between number of therapy sessions and outcomes. some of these studies demonstrate that, after only a few sessions, clients are most likely to show improvement in terms of which of the following?
a. insight b. interpersonal skills c. sense of hopelessness d. stress |
c. sense of hopelessness
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According to Bowen, to reduce tension between them, family members often resort to:
a. scapegoating b. retribalization c. triangulation d. emotional divorce |
c. triangulation
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Which of the following is true about children with learning disorders?
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Children with learning disorders have higher rates of some disorders and, as adults, continue to exhibit more problems than members of the general population
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Recent meta-analyses of the research on work-family conflict suggest that it is:
a. only a problem for marrieds b. related to job satisfaction more for men than for women d. related more to life satisfaction for women than for men. |
d. related more to life satisfaction for women than for men.
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Research on subordinates' satisfaction with their leader at work has found that the strongest determinant is:
a. the leader's level of consideration b. the leader's use of a participative decision-making style c. the leader's personality characteristics |
a. the leader's level of consideration
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A college student tells you she has just read that adolescent females are faced with a conflict between their own strengths and accomplishments and the stereotypic feminine roles they are expected to adopt. Apparently, this student has just read the work of:
a. kohlberg b. Erikson c. gilligan d. ainsworth |
c. Gilligan
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Research investigating parental responses to an infant's cries has found that:
a. mothers and fathers both respond to al types of cries with a similar level of physiological arousal b. mothers and fathers respond to all types of cries, but the infant's pain cry produces the greatest amount of physiological arousal. |
mothers and fathers respond to all types of cries, but the infant's pain cry produces the greatest amount of physiological arousal.
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Following a stroke, a patient exhibits right hemiplegia. Other symptoms are likely to include:
a. speech-language deficits and slow-cautious behavior style b. spatial-perceptual deficits and slow-cautious behavior style c. speech-language deficits and quick-impulsive behavior style |
a. speech-language deficits and slow-cautious behavior style - right-sided hemiplegia makes the left side of the brain the area that has been affected.
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The left side of the brain is responsible for ______.
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language
The left hemisphere damage is associated with a ______ cautious behavioral style. slow-cautious |
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The right hemisphere damage is associated with a ______ behavioral style.
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quick-impulsive
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Clonidine, an alpha-noradrenergic drug, is often preferable to dopaminergic blocking agents for treating Tourette's Disorder because it is safer for chronic use. However, clonidine does produce some undesirable side effects including:
a. Parkinsonism, akathesia, and dysphoria b. dry mouth, headache, and hypotension c. vomiting, dizziness, and irritability |
b. dry mouth, headache, and hypotension
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Research comparing the relationship between age and therapy outcome has produced mixed results. However, in their most recent meta-analysis of the research, Weisz and his colleagues found:
a. no relationship between age and outcome b. that therapy is more beneficial for children and adolescents than adults d. that therapy is more beneficial for adolescents than children, esp for girls. |
d. that therapy is more beneficial for adolescents than children, esp among girls.
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In more severe cases of depression, Beck's cognitive therapy initially focuses on:
a. the individual's cognitive distortions b. appropriate behavioral tasks c. using free associations to identify automatic thoughts |
b. appropriate behavioral tasks - when severely depessed, the first goal in therapy is to increase his activity level. Once the client is active, cognitive procedures are used to identify and modify cognitive distortions
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From the perspective of Bandura's social learning theory, "functional value" refers to:
a. external reinforcements b. anticipated consequences c. self-efficacy beliefs d. relationship to previous learning. |
b. anticipated consequences
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According to Millon, People with Narcissistic Personality Disorder rely primarily on which of the following defense mechnisms?
a. repression, rationalization, and projection b. rationalization, reaction formation, and displacement |
a. repression, rationalization, and projection
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Depression is often accompanied by memory deficits and other cognitive problems. Memory deficits most often involve:
a. recall memory b. recognition memory c. implicit memory d. recall and recognition memory but not implicit memory |
a. recall memory - pseudodementia. In dementia, recall and recognition memory are both impaired
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The research suggests that, to control excessive aggression in children, the best approach is:
a. time-out and similar behavioral techniques b. opportunities for catharsis c. explaining the consequences of aggressive acts d. social-skills training |
d. social-skills training
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The cognitive outcomes of malnutrition during the final months of prenatal development are severe because:
a. malnutrition causes degeneration of existing neurons b. malnutrition interferes with the development of new neurons and the connections between neurons |
b. malnutrition interferes with the development of new neurons and the connections between neurons
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For patients who develop a disturbing degree of hand tremor as the result of taking lithium carbonate, which of the following would be useful?
a. increasing the dosage of lithium b. administering propranolol (inderal) c. administering an SSRI |
b. administering propranolol (Inderal) - beta blocker
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Beta blockers reduce ________.
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physiological aspects of anxiety
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bIOFEEDBACK IS OFTEN PART OF TREATMENTS AIMED AT LOWERING TENSION AND AROUSAL AND INCREASING RELAXATION. fOR THIS PURPOSE, BIOFEEDBACK IS BEING USED TO CONTROL THE:
A. SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM B. PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM C. SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM |
B. PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM.
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Many of the ______ produce symptoms that can be mistaken for psychiatric symptoms.
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endocrine disorders
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During the acute phas of hypoglycema, symptoms include _____ and _____.
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panic; anxiety
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During the chronic phase of hypoglycemia, symptoms include ____, _____, and ____.
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depression, psychosis, and/or personality change
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Research on epilepsy has found that tonic-clonic seizures are associated with:
a. greater cognitive impairment than other types of seizures b. less cognitive impairment than other types of seizures c. cognitive impairment only when seizures are secondary to known pathology. |
a. greater cognitive impairment than other types of seizures
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Repeated seizures are correlated, in some cases, with _______.
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cognitive declines
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Overcorrection typically involves:
a. restitution, guided movement, and positive practice b. restitution, positive practice, and negative reinforcement |
a. restitution, guided movement, and positive practice
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In overcorrection, the person is required first to correct the consequences of a negative behavior (clean up the shards of a vase he broke); this is called _____.
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restitution
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When a person must repeatedly practice alternative behaviors, this is referred to as ______.
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positive practice
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One reason to give job applicants a realistic job description at the time they apply for a job is to:
a. reduce turnover b. attract talented job applicants c. retain current employees |
a. reduce turnover
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According to both Kohlberg's and Piaget's theory of moral development, which of the following statements is not true?
a. moral development is rooted in cognitive development b. appropriate peer interaction promotes moral development c. moral development occurs in an invariant sequence of stages d. there may be differences across cultures in the development of moral reasoning, esp in the early stages. |
d.-although the nature and rate of moral development at its higher levels does differ across cultures
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