Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Describe self concept |
Total sum of beliefs that people have about themselves |
|
|
Describe self schema |
Beliefs held about themself that guide how they process self relevant information |
|
|
How do self schema guide our behaviour about us and others |
Two people same weight. One agonizes over calories, size of clothes etc The other eats whatever, doesnt care what they eat Different values about themselves are important. How we view ourselves is how we judge others. This is why its importance |
|
|
What ways do we demonstrate a lack of self knowledge? Define affective forcasting and self perception. |
Affective forecasting is predicting how they would feel about a future event. Eg winning the lottery. People tend to feel as though they'd be much happier then when it actually happens. Self perception- people learn about themselves by observing their own behaviour. Eg nervous about speaking in public and notice you're shaking. |
|
|
How does culture influence our self concept? |
People who see themselves apart from their culture have an independent self concept whereas people who reflect on themselves as part of a culture see themself as a part of a larger social network. |
|
|
What is self esteem? |
Overall feelings of approval and acceptance of yourself |
|
|
What is the difference between self esteem and self concept? |
Self concept is cognitive whereas self esteem is emotional. Self concept is how we think of yourself and self esteem is how we feel about ourselves. |
|
|
How can self esteem alert us to change our behaviour? |
Self esteem is influenced by how we perceive others to view us. If we have low self esteem we are thought of as disliked and rejected and can alert us to change our behaviour. |
|
|
How do people manage their self esteem? Define self handicapping, basking in reflected glory and downward social comparisons. |
Handicapping - quarter back of a football team and feel alot of pressure to win tomorrow's game. You go out tonight and drink and feel bad the next day. You lose the game but blame it on drinking. Handicapping is whe yoy sabotage your own performance in order to have an excuse Birg- when the Yankees wins the big game. You feel a boost of self esteem and say we won. You're associating with success and therefore feel successful Downward social comparison - when you compare yourself to others worse off. For example, you got a d on a quiz but your friend got an f and is at risk for failing the whole class. |
|
|
What are personal and situational attributions? |
Attributions are explanations for the causes of our own and others behaviour Eg a driver cuts you off Personal - idiot, doesnt know how to drive Situational - having car trouble |
|
|
What are the three mental shortcut(heuristic) |
Representative heuristic Mental shortcut used to judge membership in a group based on a prototype Availability heuristic Sometimes we assume something is happening more often than it is Eg hearing of people in mid west and ask why do they live where theres all these tornados Anchoring heuristic Someone trying to figure out how much to offer for a service Eg home buying if you base offer on list price without getting an actual value |
|
|
What is the fundamental attribution error? |
The tendency to overestimate the impact of personal factors and underestimate the impact of situational factors when thinking what caused another person's behaviour Eg see a police offer involved in altercation and arrest of another and percieved them as being aggressive but fail to attribute this to their expectations of their social role |
|
|
What is impression formations? |
How we combine info about a person to come to an evaluation of that individual or their beliefs and attitudes |
|
|
How are impressions influenced? |
Person positivity bias - tendency to evaluate individuals more favorably than groups. Trait negativity bias - tendency to be more influenced by negative info than positive info Primacy effect - earlier info you hear tends to be more influential than later |
|
|
Whag is stereotype? |
Beliefs about a group of people Eg Chinese cant drive |
|
|
What is prejudice? |
Negative feeling toward someone in a particular group. Eg dont like Chinese people because they cant drink |
|
|
What is discrimination |
Caused by stereotype and prejudice. Causes to treat group in a negative way. |
|
|
What is the function of attitude |
An attitude is a positive negative or mixed evaluation of an object(person, place, thing) expressed at some excited level. Attitudes give us a way to Express our core values, simplify our understanding of the world, all us to use heuristics. |
|
|
What are the five main functions thag attitude serves |
Utilitarian - help us function efficiently. If we know something is good or bad we can avoid or do Social - can bring people together based on their mutual attitudes Value expressive - show who we are and what we stand for Ego defensive- help us feel good and boost self esteem Knowledge - simplify our understanding of the world and allow us to use heuristics |
|
|
What are explicit and implicit measures in attitude? |
Explicit - consciously aware and can be described verbally. Measured by ask people to directly say their attitude. Eg indicate how strongly... on quiz Implicit - cant be described verbally. May be partially or completrly unaware. Undercover assessment. Assess attitude without them being aware. Cant change attitudes or misreporting if not desirable |
|
|
What is a model of attitude change |
Attitude behaviour specificity matching model proposes that very attitudes predict a corresponding specific behaviour very well but do not predict general patterns of behaviours. General attitude predict general patterns across many diff behaviours but not specific. Eg Ben likes cars. Isnt specific as to whether he likes Ferraris but if he likes cars he probably will like Ferrari but you cant predict that. |
