Soc 111 Chapter 6

Front 1

attribution error

Back 1

erroneously attributing the causes of someone's behavior to only their membership in some out-group.

Front 2

attribution theory

Back 2

the principle that dispositional attributions are made about others (what the other is "really like") under certain conditions, such as out-group membership.

Front 3

bureaucracy

Back 3

a type of formal organization characterized by an authority hierarchy, a clear division of labor, explicit rules, and impersonality.

Front 4

coercive organization

Back 4

an organization characterized by membership that is largely voluntary.

Front 5

dyad

Back 5

a group consisting of two people.

Front 6

expressive needs

Back 6

needs for intimacy, companionship, and emotional support.

Front 7

formal organization

Back 7

a large secondary group organized to accomplish a complex task or set of tasks.

Front 8

group

Back 8

a collection of individuals who interact and communicate, share goals and norms, and who have a subjective awareness of "we".

Front 9

group size effect

Back 9

the effect upon a person of groups of varying sizes.

Front 10

groupthink

Back 10

the tendency for group members to reach a consensus at all costs.

Front 11

instrumental needs

Back 11

emotionally neutral, task-oriented (goal-oriented) needs.

Front 12

normative organization

Back 12

an organization that people join in order to pursue goals they consider worthwhile.

Front 13

primary group

Back 13

a group characterized by intimate, face-to-face interaction and relatively long-lasting relationships.

Front 14

reference group

Back 14

any group (to which one may or may not belong) used by the individual as a standard for evaluating her or his attitudes, values and behaviors.

Front 15

risky shift

Back 15

the tendency for group members, after discussion and interaction, to engage in riskier behavior than they would while alone.

Front 16

secondary group

Back 16

a group that is relatively large in number and not as intimate or enduring as a primary group.

Front 17

social network

Back 17

a set of links between individuals or other social units such as groups or organizations.

Front 18

total institution

Back 18

an organization cut off from the rest of society in which individuals are subject to strict social control.

Front 19

triad

Back 19

a group consisting of three people.

Front 20

triadic segregation

Back 20

the tendency for a triad to separate into a dyad and an isolate.

Front 21

utilitarian organization

Back 21

an organization, either profit or nonprofit, that is joined by individuals for specific purposes, such as monetary reward.

Front 22

voluntary organization

Back 22

organizations that people join to pursue goals they consider personally worthwhile.