Soa 295 Exam 1

Front 1

People's conceptions or notions about reality, their human view of nature, and their view of what humans can expect out of life; liberalism, santa claus

Back 1

Beliefs

Front 2

This type of meaning connotes a variety of meanings

Back 2

Complex meaning

Front 3

A communities pattern of meanings, its enduring expressive aspects, its symbols that represent and guide the thinking, feeling, and behavior of its members; ,meanaings embodied in symbols; a scoieties social heritage...

Back 3

Culture

Front 4

A socially meaningful expression that is audible, visible, tangible, or can be articulated; bread, guitar, hat

Back 4

cultural object

Front 5

rules of etiquette;people in tropical regions wear draped clothing, whereas people in colder regions wear clothing for warmth

Back 5

customs

Front 6

rules of etiquette; customs or conventions that are only mildly censured if violated

Back 6

folkways

Front 7

moral aspirations of good and bad and right and wrong

Back 7

ideals

Front 8

a set of symbols through which humans create, sustain, transmit, and store culture

Back 8

language

Front 9

the formalized and standardized expressions of existing mores or that establish new ones; public law 94-344: Federal flag code

Back 9

laws

Front 10

a cultural object's capacity to suggest or point to something else

Back 10

meaning

Front 11

important rules that are severely punished if violated; the ten commandments

Back 11

mores

Front 12

rules of conduct, the ten commandments

Back 12

norms

Front 13

socially imposed rewards and punishments by which people are encouraged to conform to norms; olympic gold medal; avoidance, ostracism, and ridicule

Back 13

sanction

Front 14

the association of signifer and signified; the association of the crown with the monarchy

Back 14

sign

Front 15

denotes one-to-one correspondance

Back 15

simple meaning

Front 16

an arbitrary designation that represents something; american flag

Back 16

symbols

Front 17

distinguishes human culture from animal life

Back 17

symbolic language

Front 18

something that must not be done because it would create a deep-seated sense of shock in society

Back 18

taboo

Front 19

the application of cultural knowledge to manipulate the environment to achieve some practical goal

Back 19

technology

Front 20

conceptions about what is good or bad, ugly or beautiful, and what is important and of worth; serve as standards of evaluating norms and justifying certain types of behavior

Back 20

values

Front 21

the people who receive a cultural object; tiger woods fans and barbie doll collectors

Back 21

audience

Front 22

the person who first produced, formed or articulated a cultural object

Back 22

creator

Front 23

a combination of related cultural traits; textbooks, term papers, lectures and classrooms

Back 23

cultural complex

Front 24

when a societies' cultural complexes are complementary

Back 24

cultural integration

Front 25

the smallest units of culture; handshake

Back 25

cultural traits

Front 26

the shared understanding that people must somehow adjust to their physical environment; basic needs such as food, shelter, and protection

Back 26

cultural universals

Front 27

folk tales that try to teach people how to behave

Back 27

fables

Front 28

fashions that quickly come and go

Back 28

fads

Front 29

action that can send powerful signals; shaking head side to side to indicate yes

Back 29

gesture

Front 30

localized systems of knowledge, beliefs, behavior, and customs created through group interactions

Back 30

idiocultures

Front 31

process by which culture is transmitted across generations

Back 31

socialization

Front 32

regulation of sexual behavior and provision of care for children

Back 32

family

Front 33

reinforcement or shared values, thus giving meaning and purpose to life

Back 33

religion

Front 34

production and distribution of goods and services

Back 34

economy

Front 35

maintenance of order;rule enforcement; dispute settlement; protection and defense

Back 35

political system

Front 36

transmission of cultural norms and values from one generation to the next and training young people to perform adult roles

Back 36

education

Front 37

t/f
according to alan bates, the sociologist views of culture as giving direction to on-going behavior and at the same time arising out of it

Back 37

t

Front 38

t/f
cultural objects are linked to the social world by the meanings people give to them

Back 38

t

Front 39

t/f
culture is not shared universally, equally, or uniformly by all members of a society

Back 39

t

Front 40

t/f
primary groups are those groups which provide the primary source of income

Back 40

f

Front 41

t/f
unlike symbols, signs stand for a variety of meanings

Back 41

f

Front 42

t/f
according to griswold, social structure is best described as meanings that link cultural objects with the social world

Back 42

f

Front 43

t/f
the view that culture is the best that has been thought and known is the approach taken by the humanities

Back 43

t

Front 44

t/f
people's preferred ways of behaving are often quite different from their actual behavior

Back 44

t

Front 45

t/f
the handshake is an example of a cultural universal

Back 45

f

Front 46

t/f
the incest taboo exists only in western cultures

Back 46

f

Front 47

t/f
society cannot exist without culture, but society exists independent of society

Back 47

f

Front 48

t/f
people who share a given culture can disagree about some beliefs

Back 48

t

Front 49

t/f
the smell of smoke signifies the presence of fire; in this case smoke is a sign but not a symbol

Back 49

t

Front 50

t/f
the cultural diamond explains the relationship between culture and society

Back 50

f