Skin, Hair, Nails Assessment / Pain Assessment

Front 1

Name three things about the skin:

Back 1

largest body organ, 20 sq ft of SA, guards against environmental stresses, adapts to environmental changes

Front 2

Germs are blocked at the ____ level of the skin.

Back 2

epidermis

Front 3

Growth and pigmentation originates in the _______.

Back 3

basal cell layer

Front 4

This layer contains CT and glands:

Back 4

dermis

Front 5

The subcutaneous layer contains:

Back 5

fat

Front 6

Name 9 functions of the skin:

Back 6

protection, prevent penetration, perception, temp regulation, ID, communication, wound repair, absorption & secretion, production of Vit D

Front 7

Nails are hard plate of ______.

Back 7

keratin

Front 8

As adults age the skin loses ______, looks _____,______, and ______.

Back 8

elasticity; thin, wrinkled and dry

Front 9

Aging adults skin are at an increased rink for ________ _________ and _______ ________.

Back 9

skin tearing; shearing injuries

Front 10

Aging adults skin sweat and sebaceous glands _____ which causes dry skin and increased risk of heat stroke.

Back 10

decrease

Front 11

This disease looks like bruising and can happen even with light touch:

Back 11

Senile purpura

Front 12

Hair on older adults becomes _____, ____, and changes color because of loss of ______.

Back 12

thin, fine; pigment

Front 13

Baldness occurs often in older adults causing them to lose more ______ ______.

Back 13

body heat- need to wear hats

Front 14

Facial hair growth occurs in older females due to a _____ in _____.

Back 14

decrease; estrogen

Front 15

Pigment protects other races from ____ ____.

Back 15

UV rays

Front 16

Children with severe malnourishment lose their ___ ____.

Back 16

hair color

Front 17

Name the 14 subjective assessments in skin, hair and nails.

Back 17

previous history of skin disease, allergies, changes in pigmentation, changes in moles, excessive dryness or moisture, pruritis, excessive bruising, rashes or lesions, medications, hair loss, change in nails, environ/occupational hazards, tattoos, self care behaviors

Front 18

Ecchymosis means:

Back 18

bruising (excessive)

Front 19

Pruritis is:

Back 19

itching

Front 20

Ridges in the nails can be a sign of:

Back 20

poor nutrition

Front 21

Changes in moles may include:

Back 21

shape, color, size, bleeding, discharge

Front 22

Objective assessment of the skin includes:

Back 22

inspect & palpate-even color, moles, birthmarks, changes

Front 23

This disease is a fungal rash that causes color loss-more common in blacks:

Back 23

Vitiligo

Front 24

Paleness of the skin is called:

Back 24

pallor

Front 25

Pallor can be caused by:

Back 25

edema, cig smoking, or can be natural

Front 26

Inflammation of the superficial arteries, reddening of the skin is called:

Back 26

erythema

Front 27

Erythema can be caused by:

Back 27

fever, local inflammation (bee sting)

Front 28

Bluish, mottled coloring indicates:

Back 28

cyanosis

Front 29

Cyanosis is an indication of:

Back 29

decreased perfusion

Front 30

Along with cyanosis a dec level of _______ can occur.

Back 30

consciousness

Front 31

Yellowish skin color as a result of inc bilirubin is:

Back 31

jaundice

Front 32

Being cooler in temp than normal due to trauma, stress, or cold weather is:

Back 32

hypothermia

Front 33

When the body temp is warmer than normal possibly due to fever or exercise:

Back 33

hyperthermia

Front 34

Profuse perspiration is called:

Back 34

diaphoresis

Front 35

When mucous membranes are dry and you see tenting in the skin this may be a sign of:

Back 35

dehydration

Front 36

Fluid accumulating in intercellular spaces is called:

Back 36

edema

Front 37

grade 1+ edema is:

Back 37

mild pitting, slight indentation

Front 38

grade 2+ edema is:

Back 38

moderate pitting

Front 39

grade 3+ edema is:

Back 39

deep pitting

Front 40

grade 4+ edema is:

Back 40

very deep pitting

Front 41

The ability of the skin to be raised up:

Back 41

mobility

Front 42

The ability of the skin to return quickly into place is called:

Back 42

Turgor

Front 43

Red freckles that usually benign:

Back 43

cherry angiomas

Front 44

What should look at when examining a lesion?

Back 44

color, elevation, pattern, shape, size, location, drainage -laceration vs incision

Front 45

Ruptures of vessels at skin surface usually caused by trauma or can be caused by leukemia or meningitis

Back 45

Petechiae

Front 46

What should you inspect about the hair?

Back 46

inspect and palpate, color, texture, distribution, scalp lesions

Front 47

What should you inspect about the nails?

Back 47

inspect and palpate all nails, shape, color, consistency, capillary refill

Front 48

What are the skin changes during pregnancy?

Back 48

linea nigras, striae, chloasma (blotchy brown patches), vascular spiders

Front 49

Name the skin chages in older adults:

Back 49

lentigines (liver spots), keratoses (benign-but will occassionally bleed), skin tags

Front 50

Pain receptors are called:

Back 50

nociceptors

Front 51

Nociceptors do what three things:

Back 51

detect, location, stimulation (signal to brain)

Front 52

What is neuropathic pain?

Back 52

not typical pain, abnormal processing of pain message, difficult to assess & treat, it is real

Front 53

Name the four sources of pain:

Back 53

visceral, deep somatic, cutaneous, referred

Front 54

Name the two types of pain:

Back 54

acute, chronic (pain that lasts more than 6 months-abnormal response)

Front 55

Remeber the three types of differences in dealing with patients and pain.

Back 55

Developmental, gender, cultural

Front 56

What are the subjective assessment questions for pain?

Back 56

Where, when did it start, what does it feel like, how much pain do you have now, what makes it worse or better, how does pain limit function or activities, how do you behave when you are in pain, why do you think you are having the pain