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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Skeletal Tissue |
-composed of bones, cartilage, joints, ligaments -forms the initial framework of the body |
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How many bones are in the body and what are the 2 bone divisions |
206 bones -axial skeleton -appendicular skeleton |
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Axial skeleton consists of how many bones and where are they located |
80 bones -skull -vertebral column -bony thorax |
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Appendicular skeleton consists of how many bones |
126 bones |
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Articular Cartilage |
-smooth tissue that covers the ends of bones to form joints -can be damaged by injury or wear and tear |
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Costal Cartilage |
-bars of hyaline cartilage that prolong the ribs and contribute to the elasticity of the thorax -only found at the anterior ends of the ribs |
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Bone CT functions include |
-Support -movement -protection -mineral storage -blood cell formation -energy metabolism |
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What is bone tissue made of |
-cells, fibers (collagen), ground substance, and inorganic salts |
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Extracellular Matrix is composed of |
-35% organic components that allow flexibility -65% inorganic components that resist compression and cause the bone to be rigid |
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the 3 types of bone cells are |
osteogenic osteoblasts osteocytes |
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Osteogenic cells |
-divide and differentiate into osteoblasts -stem cells |
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Osteoblasts |
-produce and secrete bone matrix -matrix is made up of several different proteins called osteoids -develop in mesenchyme |
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Osteocytes |
-housed within the bone lacunae, keep bone matrix healthy -develop in mesenchyme -derived from osteoblasts, surrounded in secreted products from osteoblasts |
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Osteoclasts |
-4th type of of bone cell -resorption of bone -breaking down with enzyme |
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Classification of bones (4 types) type of bone density (2 types) |
-Long, short, flat, irregular -spongy and compact |
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Stucture of bones |
diaphysis epiphysis blood vessels medullary cavity membranes |
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diaphysis |
-shaft of bone -contains bone marrow and some adipose tissue -where primary ossification occurs |
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Epiphysis |
-rounded end of long bone -filled with red bone marrow, producing erythrocytes -layered cover of articular cartilage |
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Blood vessels in bones |
transport nutrients in and out of bones |
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medullary cavity |
-also known as marrow cavity -stores red and yellow bone marrow -innermost cavity |
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Membranes in bone |
periostem endosteum |
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periosteum |
membrane that covers outer surface of all bones |
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endosteum |
membrane of CT that lines the medullary cavity |
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Spongy bone |
-no bone marrow -diploë (found in the skull) |
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bone markings |
-projections -surfaces -depressions |
