Sensory Organs - Eye

Front 1

captures light rays that are reflected off the object being looked at

Back 1

cornea

Front 2

Descemet membrane, Bowman membrane

Back 2

2 cornea layers

Front 3

3 layers of eye (SCR)

Back 3

sclera, choroid, retina

Front 4

uveal tract

Back 4

choroid layer

Front 5

2 structures choroid layer

Back 5

outer ciliary body and inner iris

Front 6

a muscular structure that is attached by suspensory ligaments to the lens supporting it.

Back 6

ciliary body

Front 7

colored portion of eye; composed of smooth muscle fibers which regulate the diameter of the pupil to adjust for light

Back 7

iris

Front 8

opening in center of eye

Back 8

pupil

Front 9

transparent elastic structure that refracts light waves and focuses them upon the retina

Back 9

lens

Front 10

sees the captured light rays as an upside down image of the object being looked at

Back 10

retina

Front 11

located in retina, they convert the upside down image into electrical impulses

Back 11

photoreceptors

Front 12

path these electrical impulses travel to reach the brain

Back 12

optic nerve

Front 13

turns the upside down image right side up and "translates" said image into "information

Back 13

brain

Front 14

sheet of light-sensitive nerve cells containing cones and rods

Back 14

retina

Front 15

respond to dim light for black-and-white vision

Back 15

rods in retina

Front 16

percept and respond to colors in daylight

Back 16

cones in retina

Front 17

blind spot

Back 17

optic disc

Front 18

separates the frontal portion into the anterior and posterior chambers

Back 18

iris

Front 19

filled with a lymph-like fluid called the aqueous humor, which is secreted by the ciliary body and drains into the venous sinus.

Back 19

anterior/posterior chambers

Front 20

lymph-like fluid in anterior/posterior chambers, which is secreted by the ciliary body and drains into the venous sinus.

Back 20

aqueous humor

Front 21

cavity behind lens, and is filled with a jelly-like substance called vitreous humor

Back 21

vitreous chamber

Front 22

jelly-like substance in vitreous chamber

Back 22

vitreous humor

Front 23

bone cavity holding the eyeball is lined with a layer of protective fat

Back 23

orbit

Front 24

palpebrae

Back 24

eyelids

Front 25

4 protective parts

Back 25

eyebrows, eyelids (also called palpebrae), eyelashes, and lacrimal ducts

Front 26

desiccation means

Back 26

drying up

Front 27

raises eyelid

Back 27

levator palpebrae muscle

Front 28

thin mucous membrane that lines the interior surface of the eyelid and the exposed surface of the eyeball.

Back 28

conjunctiva

Front 29

secrets tears; constantly moisten and clean the exposed portion of the eyeball

Back 29

lacrimal duct

Front 30

4 (ocular) rectus muscles

Back 30

superior, inferior, lateral, and medial rectus muscles

Front 31

2 (ocular) oblique muscles

Back 31

superior and inferior oblique muscles

Front 32

cartilage loop wherein superior oblique muscle passes through

Back 32

trochlea

Front 33

Inflammation of the lacrimal sac

Back 33

dacryocystitis

Front 34

Stricture or narrowing of a lacrimal duct

Back 34

dacryostenosis

Front 35

perception of 2 images of a single object; double vision

Back 35

diplopia

Front 36

eversion of eyelid edge

Back 36

ectropion

Front 37

inversion (turning inward) of edge of lower eyelid

Back 37

entropion

Front 38

Abnormal protrusion of the eyeball (bulging eyes). This can be due either to a local process or caused by a more generalized disease, such as Graves disease. Also spelled
exophthalmus

Back 38

exophthalmos

Front 39

A set of diseases in which there is increased ocular pressure caused by a failure of the aqueous humor to be absorbed. This causes changes to the optic disc and defects in the field of vision

Back 39

glaucoma

Front 40

A localized, purulent, inflammatory bacterial infection of one or more glands of the eyelids. This is also called a stye.

Back 40

hordeolum

Front 41

hordeolum also called

Back 41

stye

Front 42

infection of the sebaceous gland of eyelid; hordeolum

Back 42

stye

Front 43

Also called hyperopia, this is farsightedness. This occurs when the eyeball is too short and images are thus focused at a point behind the retina.

Back 43

hypermetropia

Front 44

farsightedness =

Back 44

hyperopia or hypermetropia

Front 45

Impairment of vision without any lesion of the eye detected.

Back 45

amblyopia

Front 46

A white or gray band around the margin of the cornea as a result of cholesterol deposition, hyaline change, or both. This occurs with advancing age.

Back 46

arcus senilis

Front 47

Inflammation of eyelids

Back 47

blepharitis

Front 48

A tonic spasm of the orbicularis oculi muscle that produces more or less total closure of the eyelid

Back 48

blepharospasm

Front 49

An opacity on or in the lens that usually impairs vision or causes blindness. This can affect one or both eyes. There are different types of cataracts, and they are classified according to size, shape, and occurrence or by the etiology.

Back 49

cataract

Front 50

A cystic swelling in a gland of the eyelid due to a blocked duct

Back 50

chalazion

Front 51

Excessive edema of the conjunctiva

Back 51

chemosis

Front 52

Inflammation of the choroid or uveal tract

Back 52

choroiditis

Front 53

Inflammation of the choroid and retina

Back 53

chorioreinitis

Front 54

Inflammation of the conjunctiva, usually associated with a discharge

Back 54

conjunctivitis

Front 55

Bleeding into the anterior chamber of the eye, usually due to trauma.

Back 55

hyphema

Front 56

loss of central vision due to changes in a lining
of the retina; age-related disorder; peripheral vision is preserved

Back 56

macular degeneration

Front 57

contraction of pupil; is a normal process unless related to

paralysis of the dilator of the eye (paralytic miosis), caused by spasms (spastic miosis) or due to spinal disease (spinal miosis)

Back 57

miosis

Front 58

physiologic or morbid dilatation of pupil

Back 58

mydriasis

Front 59

nearsightedness; occurs when eyeball is elongated and light
rays focus at a point in front of retina

Back 59

myopia

Front 60

involuntary, rapid, rhythmic movement of eyeball that can

be horizontal, vertical, rotatory or mixed; symptom of systemic illness, such

as multiple sclerosis or intoxication; can also occur as a result of riding a
circular ride or gazing fixedly at an object

Back 60

nystagmus

Front 61

swelling or edema of optic disc, usually as a result of
intracranial pressure, malignant hypertension, or thrombosis of a retinal vein

Back 61

papilledema

Front 62

abnormal intolerance to light

Back 62

photophobia

Front 63

impairment of vision due to old age; caused by decrease

in the power of accommodation which causes the near point of distinct
vision to be removed further from the eye

Back 63

presbyopia

Front 64

thick triangular piece of tissue, pale in color, that extends medially from the nasal corneal border to the inner canthus

Back 64

pterygium

Front 65

drooping of upper eyelid from paralysis of third nerve or from
sympathetic innervation

Back 65

ptosis

Front 66

degenerative noninflammatory diseases of retina

Back 66

retinopathy

Front 67

inflammation of the sclera

Back 67

scleritis

Front 68

area of loss or depressed vision within visual field, surrounding an area of normal vision

Back 68

scotoma

Front 69

deviation of eye which the patient cannot control; is present when the direction of gaze of the 2 eyes is not the same

Back 69

strabismus

Front 70

adhesion of the iris to cornea or lens

Back 70

synechia

Front 71

inflammation of all or part of uveal tract or choroid; commonly involves the other tunics as well (the sclera,cornea, and retina)

Back 71

uveitis

Front 72

covering membrane or tissue of organ or part; tunica

Back 72

tunic or tunica

Front 73

soft yellow spot or plaque occurring on eyelids, often in groups; xanthelasma

Back 73

xanthoma palpebrarum

Front 74

xanthelasma also called...

Back 74

xanthoma palpebrarum

Front 75

dryness of the conjunctiva and cornea due to a vitamin A deficiency

Back 75

xerophthalmia