Semester 1 Mini Ii Histology

Front 1

Cartilage consists of cells called ____ and an extracellular matrix composed of ____ and _______.

Back 1

chondrocytes, fibers, ground substance

Front 2

The principle macromolecules found in all cartliage are ___, ___, ____ and _____.

Back 2

collagen, hyaluronic acid, glycoproteins, proteoglycans

Front 3

The firmness of cartilage is produced by the electrostatic interactions between ____ fibers and the ____ side chains of matrix ____.

Back 3

collagen, glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans

Front 4

The 3 types of cartilage are ____, ____ and ____.

Back 4

hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage

Front 5

____ cartilage that covers the surface of the bones of moveable joints, is devoid of _____ and gets oxygen and nutrients through diffusion from ____.

Back 5

articular, perichondrium, synovial fluids

Front 6

___ cartilage is the most common common, as well as the temporary skeleton of the embryo.

Back 6

hyaline

Front 7

In routine histology preperations of hyaline cartilage collagen is not visible because it is in the form of ____ and has the same ____.

Back 7

fibrils, refractive index of its ground substance

Front 8

The bulk collagen in hyaline cartilage is type ___, while type ___ regulates size, type ___ enhances fibril binding with proteoglycans, and type X _____.

Back 8

II, XI, IX, is involved in 3D arrangement

Front 9

Proteoglycans of ground substance contain 3 types of GAGs, ____, ____, and ____, which are linked to _____ acid to form ____.

Back 9

chondroitin 4-sulfate, chondroitin 6-sulfate, keratin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, proteoglycan aggregates

Front 10

____ mediates the binding of chondrocytes to the extracellular matrix by binding to GAGs and collagen type II.

Back 10

chondronectin

Front 11

Except in the _____ of joints, all hyaline cartilage is covered by the _____.

Back 11

articular cartilage, perchondrium

Front 12

Solvation water bound to the negative charges of ____ act as a ____.

Back 12

glycosaminoglycans, shock absorber

Front 13

Around the lacunae, chondrocytes have a higher concentration of ____ and less ____. This area is called the ____.

Back 13

sulfated proteoglycans, collagen, territoral or capsular matrix

Front 14

The area between lacunae that stain less heavily

Back 14

interterritorial matrix

Front 15

Pericondrium is rich in collagen type ___ and contain _____, with ____ in the inner layer that differentiate into chondrocytes.

Back 15

I, fibroblasts, chondroblasts

Front 16

____ groups are formed from mitotic division of a single chondrocyte into upto 8 cells.

Back 16

isogenous

Front 17

Chondrocytes have well developed ___ and ___, and produce ____, ___, _____ , and adhesive ____.

Back 17

RER, Golgi, Collagen II, GAGs, proteoglycans, glycoproteins

Front 18

Chondrocyte synthesis of sulfated GAGs are stimulated by ____, ___, and ___, and slowed by ___, ___, and ____.

Back 18

growth hormone, testosterone, thyroxine, cortisone, hydrocortisone, estradiol

Front 19

Cartilage growth depends on growth hormone _____, which stimulates synthesis of ____ in the liver that acts directly on the cells.

Back 19

somatotropin, somatomedin C

Front 20

____ growth results from the mitotic division of preexisting chondrocytes, and ___ growth results from the differentiation of perichondrial cells.

Back 20

interstial, appositional

Front 21

___ cartilage growth occurs in early phases of cartilage development, and in the epiphyseal plates of long bones within ____ cartilage.

Back 21

interstitial, articular

Front 22

___ cartilage is identical to hyaline cartilage except it contains elastin fibers.

Back 22

elastic

Front 23

___ cartilage is located in the pinna of the ear, external and internal auditory tubes, epiglottis and larynx.

Back 23

elastic

Front 24

___ is a tissue intermediate between dense CT and hyaline cartilate

Back 24

fibrocartilage

Front 25

Fibrocartilage does not have a ____ and is predominatly composed of collagen type ____.

Back 25

perichondrium, I

Front 26

____ carilage is located in intervertebral disc, symphysis pubis and the menisci of knee joint.

Back 26

fibrocartilage