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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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light microscope
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light passes through one or more lenses to produce an enlarged image of a specimen
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electron microscope
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forms an image of a specimen using a beam of electrons rather than light
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magnification
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the quality of making an image appear larger than its actual size
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None
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resolution
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a measure of the clarity an image
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scanning tunneling microscope
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uses a needle-like probe to measure differences in voltage caused by electrons that tunnel from the surface of the viewed object
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cell theory
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1.all living things are made of 1+ cells 2.cells are the basic units of structure and function in organisms 3. all cells arise from existing cells
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None
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cell membrane
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outer boundary of the cell; encloses cell and separates cell's interior from its surroundings; regulates what enters and leaves cell
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None
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cytoplasm
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the cell interior
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cytoskeleton
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a system of microscopic fibers
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ribosomes
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cellular structures on which proteins are made
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prokaryote
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a single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus and other internal compartments
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cell wall
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surrounds the cell membrane that provides support and stucture
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flagella
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long, thredlike srtuctures that protrude from the surface of the cell and enable movement
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eukaryote
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an organism whose cells have a nucleus
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nucleus
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an internal compartment that houses the cell's DNA
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organelle
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a structure that carries out specific activities in the cell
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cilia
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hairlike structures that proturde from the surface of eukaryotic cells
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phospholipid
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a lipid bilayer made of a phosphate group and two fatty acids; has both a polar head and two nonpolar tails
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lipid bilayer
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phospholipids arranged in a double layer
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endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
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an extensive system of internal membranes that move proteins and other substances through the cell; membranes are made of a lipid bilayer
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vesicle
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a small, membrane-bound sac that transports substances in cells
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Golgi apparatus
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a set of flattened, membrane-bound sacs that serves as the packaging and distribution center of the cell
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lysosomes
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small, spherical organelles that contain the cell's digestive enzymes
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mitochondria
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organelles that harvest energy from organic compounds to make ATP, the main energy currency of cells
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chloroplasts
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organelles that use light energy to make carohydrates from carbon dioxide and water
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central vacuole
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stores water and may contain sustances, including ions, nutrients, and wastes; supports the cell when full
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