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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define dominant traits |
An inherited trait that shows up in offspring |
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Define recessive trait |
An inherited trait that shows up in the offspring only if both parents passed on the genes for the trait when mixed with genes for a dominant trait, recessive traits do not show up in the offspring |
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Define asexual reproduction |
The formation of a new individual from a single organism |
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Define sexual reproduction |
Reproductive process involving two sexes or mating types, and resulting in offspring with a combination of genes from both parents |
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Define bacterial conjugation |
The direct transfer or genetic material (DNA) from one bacterial cell to another |
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Define mitosis |
The process by which genetic material is duplicated and divided so that the two new cells have identical sets of chromosomes |
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Define meiosis |
The formation of the gametes by which genetic material is duplicated and divided so that each gamete has half the number of chromosomes of a somatic cell |
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Define variation |
Differences in living things |
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What are the pros and cons of asexual production? |
PROS: Requires less energy Higher quantity of offspring Fast reproduction rate
CONS: No variation |
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What are the pros and cons of sexual reproduction? |
PROS: variation CONS: Slower reproduction rate Lower quantity of offspring at a time |
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What are some examples of dominant traits? |
Brown hair, brown eyes, curly hair are all dominant |
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What are some examples of recessive traits? |
Blonde hair, blue eyes, straight hair are all recessive traits |
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What is mitosis used for? |
Mitosis can be used by somatic cells (body cells) in order to repair and grow parts of the body |
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What is meiosis used for? |
Meiosis is a process needed to produce gametes. (sperm and egg cells) |
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Why is variation important? |
Variation is important because if some organisms don’t have immunity to something, they would all die. However, if there is variety, some organisms would have immunity, so at least some organisms would survive. Meiosis, or sexual reproduction causes variation to occur. Mutations can cause variation because a mutation is a change in DNA, so it would make DNA even more different. |
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Name the 4 components of DNA |
Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), Adenine (A), Thymine (T) |
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Name the 4 components of DNA |
Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), Adenine (A), Thymine (T) |
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Which components of DNA always group together? |
Cytosine and Guanine (C+G) and Adenine and Thymine (A+T) |
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Organism that can produce both sexually and asexually and what circumstances would this organism need to produce sexually or asexually? |
The fungi rhizopus ( best of both worlds paragraph on textbook) can reproduce asexually using spores and sexually using zygospores, the method they use depends on the condition they are in ( I’m 98% sure of the next part ) if they are in good conditions they will reproduce asexually because they don’t need variation or to adapt, but if the conditions are bad they will reproduce sexually so there is offspring with variation and some of them will survive the changes in the environment |
