Rna And Protein Synthesis

Front 1

Proteins

Back 1

Long chains of amino acids.

They are enzymes that help chemical reactions take place.

Front 2

Amino Acids

Back 2

Building blocks (monomer)of protein.

A group of 20 different kinds of small molecules that link together in long chains to form proteins.

Front 3

Ribosome

Back 3

The protein builders or the protein synthesizers of the cell.

The site of protein synthesis

Front 4

Nucleotides

Back 4

Molecule that, when joined together, make up the structural units RNA and DNA

Front 5

How are proteins made?

Back 5

Proteins are important in building cells.

They are chains of amino acids which are joined together by a peptide bond to form different kinds of protein molecules.

Front 6

Genes

Back 6

Coded DNA instructions that control the production of proteins.

Front 7

Protein Synthesis

Back 7

The production of protein by an individual cell.

Front 8

Transcription

Back 8

One of two steps in protein synthesis. It takes place in the nucleus.

Writing or copying of the gene!

Front 9

Translation

Back 9

The second step in protein synthesis. It takes place in the cytoplasm at the ribosomes.

The reading and assembly of the protein!

Front 10

5 Steps of Protein Synthesis

Back 10

1. Production of RNA using DNA as a pattern.

2. RNA moves from the nucleus to the cytoplasm

3. mRNA(message RNA) attaches to ribosomes in the cytoplasm.

4. tRNA(transfer RNA) bonds to a specific codon

5. Amino acids join peptide chain.

Front 11

RNA

Back 11

A nucleic acid similar to DNA that delivers DNA genetic message to the cytoplasm of a cell where proteins are made.

Structure of RNA....

It is a SINGLE strand right handed helix. It's backbone structure is made from ribose sugars,phosphate, and four bases adenine, guanine,cytosine, and uracil

Front 12

DNA

Back 12

a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and some viruses. It Never Leaves The Nucleus

Front 13

Messenger RNA(mRNA)

Back 13

Carries instructions from the nucleus to the ribosomes

Front 14

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Back 14

Helps assemble proteins in the ribosome

Front 15

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Back 15

Brings amino acids to the ribosomes for protein assembly

Front 16

Codon

Back 16

group of three bases or the triplet sequence in the messenger RNA transcript which specifies a corresponding amino acid.

Front 17

Anticodon

Back 17

The corresponding triplet sequence on the transfer RNA which brings in the specific amino acid to the ribosome during translation.

Front 18

Mutations

Back 18

Changes in the genetic material.

They can involve a single base or a whole chromosome.

Front 19

Gene Mutations

Back 19

Involve one trait or a few dependent traits

Front 20

Point Mutations

Back 20

Involve a single point in the DNA that is changed so it only involves one base.

Front 21

Frameshift Mutations

Back 21

Occurs when a base is left out or added and the rest of the DNA shifts in response to that change.