Ch 5 Dna/rna, Protein Synthesis And Mutations Review

Front 1

1. shape of DNA

Back 1

double helix

Front 2

scientist(s) that modeled double helix DNA

Back 2

james Watson and franscis Crick

Front 3

sugar in RNA

Back 3

ribose

Front 4

building block of nucleic acids

Back 4

nucleotides

Front 5

sugar in DNA

Back 5

deoxyribose

Front 6

bond between complimentary bases

Back 6

hydrogen

Front 7

shape of RNA

Back 7

single stranded

Front 8

single ringed bases are called

Back 8

_pyrimidines

Front 9

double ringed bases are called

Back 9

purines

Front 10

dna stands for

Back 10

deoxyribonucleic acid

Front 11

Does the number of chromosomes in an organisms cells indicate its
complexity?

Back 11

no

Front 12

DNA in prokaryotic cells are organized into

Back 12

nucleoid region

Front 13

Non-coding regions of DNA between genes are referred to as ...

Back 13

junk

Front 14

Number of chromosomes in a human cell

Back 14

46

Front 15

Percent of human DNA considered “junk”

Back 15

98%

Front 16

Approximate number of base pairs in one human cell

Back 16

6 billion

Front 17

Which phase of protein synthesis is similar to reading a code?

Back 17

translation

Front 18

The vocabulary term for any alteration of the base sequences of DNA

Back 18

mutation

Front 19

Monomer of a protein

Back 19

amino acid

Front 20

Bond between amino acids

Back 20

peptide

Front 21

The number of strands in DNA: ____;
in rna

Back 21

2
1

Front 22

Which phase of protein synthesis is similar to re-writing a code? copying

Back 22

transcription

Front 23

What does RNA stand for?

Back 23

ribonucleic acid

Front 24

Type of mutation that occurs by accident when DNA is
duplicating

Back 24

spontaneous mutation

Front 25

Type of mutation(disease) that arises from radiation such as UV light

Back 25

skin cancer

Front 26

tRNA stands for

Back 26

transfer RNA____11.

Front 27

Type of mutation(disease) that arises from chemicals such as cigarette smoke

Back 27

lung cancer

Front 28

mRNA stands for

Back 28

messenger RNA

Front 29

dna phrase

Back 29

a-t gc
at gc

Front 30

The first phase of protein synthesis is called

Back 30

transcription

Front 31

where does transcrition occur

Back 31

in the nucleus

Front 32

The second phase of protein synthesis is called

Back 32

translation

Front 33

where does translation occur

Back 33

in the cytoplasm, on a ribosome

Front 34

Which of the two phases copies DNA into RNA?

Back 34

transcription

Front 35

Which of the two phases reads the genetic code into a polypeptide chain?

Back 35

translation

Front 36

How many amino acids exist in nature?

Back 36

20

Front 37

Before mRNA leaves the nucleus, it must be cut out and a ____ must be added to the beginning and a _____ must be added to the end

Back 37

cap , tail

Front 38

why is a cap and tail added before the mRNA leaves the nucleus

Back 38

in order to protect the mRNA from being destroyed in the cytoplasm

Front 39

mRNA leaves the nucleus through the ______

Back 39

nuclear pores

Front 40

More than two amino acids joined together by peptide bonds.

Back 40

polypeptide

Front 41

What is the name of the first codon that begins translation?

Back 41

MET.

Front 42

what is MET. sequence of bases

Back 42

AUG

Front 43

What is the first anticodon?

Back 43

UAC