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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pulmonary embolism signs and symptoms |
Chest pain, dyspnea, tachycardia, blood tinged sputum, cyanosis, sense of impending doom |
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Treating PE |
Elevate HOB, provide O2, inform physician. Will need clot Buster's or surgery to remove. Diagnose with CT, VQ scan, d-dimer test for clot presence |
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Emphysema |
Air trapping in the alveoli, they stretch out, so pink puffer. You have decreased breath sounds, dyspnea severe, and coughing, pursed lip breathing, anorexia, orthopnea, fatigue, headache |
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Hypoxemia early and late signs |
Restlessness, anxiety, tachycardia, tachypnea are all early signs Bradycardia, extreme restlessness, and dyspnea are late signs |
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Chronic Bronchitis |
Blue bloater, cyanosis, excessive thick secretions causing irritation and inflammation, cough, less bad dyspnea than emphysema, narrows and obstructs airways. Cilia shorten and harden. Crackles wheezing productive cough |
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Treating COPD |
Keep O2 sat below 92 since CO2 pushes respirations. Keep well hydrated to thin secretions. Give bronchodilators, anticholinergics, corticosteroids, beta 2 adrenergic agonists Give high calorie, high fat, low carb, small, frequent meals |
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What are bronchodilator leukotrienne receptor antagonists/ antileukotriennes and what do they treat |
Montelukast (singulair), zafrilukast (accolate) Treats asthma by decreasing smooth muscle contraction in airways, decreasing mucus secretions and reducing vasopermeability which reduces edema of airway. Take a week to kick in. Can cause seizures and suicidal thoughts, depression, insomnia, etc. |
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What are beta adrenergic agonist bronchodilators and what do they treat |
Albuterol, terbutaline, salbetarol Treat asthma, COPD Are fast acting 5-30 mins onset. Immitates epinephrine, causes bronchodilation. Can cause tremors, htn, and hallucinations |
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Mucomyst |
Breaks down secretions in the airway, also happens to inactivate acetaminophen toxic metabolites in liver in acetaminophen overdose. Treats COPD, cystic fibrosis, overdose tylnol |
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What does rifampin and isoniazid treat. What can isoniazid cause as adverse reaction |
They treat TB, technically antibiotics thingies. Cause pancreatitis and renal failure. Monitor liver enzymes too. With isoniazid it can cause peripheral neuritis, take B6 with it to prevent |
