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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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quasi experimental design
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O O
O T O |
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Ex post facto
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comparing elite runners vs recreational (Treatment already done)
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time series
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OOOTOOO
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switched replication
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O T O O O
O O T O O O O O T O |
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true experimental design
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RO O
ROTO |
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one shot study
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T O
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one group pre test post test
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O1 T O2
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static group comparison
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T O1
O2 |
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randomized groups design
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R T O1
R O2 |
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pretest post test with randomized groups
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R O1 T O2
R O3 O4 |
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Solomon 4 group design
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R O1 T O2
R O3 O4 R T O5 R O6 |
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applied research
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based on individual observations and experiences. conducted in field settings
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basic research
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based on theoretical foundations. conducted in lab settings
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analytical research
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evaluation of information THATS ALREADY THERE to explain a complex phenomena i.e. a review
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descriptive research
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i.e. questionnaires, interviews, surveys
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case study
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individual
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job analysis
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similar to case study
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observational research
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observe in natural setting
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developmental study
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study ppl over x years
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correlational studies
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examines relationship bw variables. not cause and effect
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epidemiologic research
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freq and distribution of diseases
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experimental research
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cause and effect. most likely quantitative
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qualitative research
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uses scientific method but develops hypotheses rather than starting w them. asks questions like HOW or WHY to explore research topic ideas
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control variable
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controls for outside influences, i.e. age, level of training, gender
''effect of resistance training program on strenth in college age MALES'' |
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categorical variable
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data which are mutually exclusive i.e. male=0, female=1. will include both and compare
''effect of resistance training program on strength in college age MALES AND FEMALES |
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correlation research design
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focuses on determining the relationship among 2 continuous variables or how much the predictor variable influences the criterion variable. how much of y is explained by x
predictor variable- X criterion variable- Y |
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objectivity
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consistency of test adminitrator
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internal validity
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degree to which the findings and conclusion are related to the design and methodology
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external validity
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generalizability of findings
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threats to internal validity:
selection bias maturation history testing effect instrumentation experiment mortality |
see ch 2 on back
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order of research parts
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title
intro- iv dv and subjects; not results methods- identify research process used and equipment and design results- present results discussion- address whether results support hypothesis conclusion |
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overarching issue
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1st sentence of intro
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DOI
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- digital object identifier
- identifies content and provides a persistent link to its location on the Internet - on 1st page of article near copyright or on the database landing page |
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target population vs sample
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sample is from the population
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stratified random sampling
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i.e. 30 f, 30 soph, 20 jr, 20 sr
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cluster sampling
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determining the sampling unit and then collecting data on that unit as the sample; i.e. selecting students from the athletic dept only. its still random
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convenience sampling
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using ppl readily available
- not random |
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intact sampling
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includes groups who are already grouped together
i.e. if determining the effects of a program on female basketball players (use women's program at the U) |
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systematic sampling
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i.e. calling every 10th student from the phonebook
- not everyone is in the phonebook |
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content related validity
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- expert review process to determine appropriateness of categories or factors and the completeness of the corresponding questionnaire items to the categories or factors in the cognitive or affective domains
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face validity
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- expert review process in an applied setting
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criterion related validity
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- involves a new test or measurement and comparing to a standard
- i.e. skinfolds vs hydrostatic weighing |
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concurrent validity
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- involves 2 measures taken in close proximity to provide support for the new test or measurement
i.e. vo2 max test vs step test |
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predictive validity
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- involves correctly predicting criterion variables from the new test
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convergent validity
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- involves comparing 2 tests that measure the same or related theoretical factors. i.e. if a survey assesses depression, can it assess alcohol use bc its related to depression? if it can, there is convergent validity
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discriminant validity
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involves comparing tests that do NOT measure the same theoretical factor
ie. the survey measures depression but it is not related to LEVELS of depression |
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construct validity
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construct= a theroetical factor that cannot be observed i.e. motivation, loyalty
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alpha reliability
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involves examining each item to assess their unidimensionality to the proposed factor on an affective questionnaire
i.e. if each item in the survey measure motivation, all questions should be related |
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test retest reliability
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examines day to day stability by correlating day 1 scores w day 2 scores
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parallel forms reliability
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- involves examining alternative forms of tests that are similar to illustrate consistency of comparable tests
- prevents threats to internal validity |
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intra-rater objectivity
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- involves examining day to day stability of same test administrator to illustrate consistency of data collection procedures
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inter-rater objectivity
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consistency of 2 diff administrators
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