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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Research instrument |
A tool used to gather data on a specific topic of interest |
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Valid |
When it directly answers or addresses your research questions |
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Reliable |
When it provides you consistent and stable data over a period of time |
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Survey |
Contains planned questions which are used to measure attitudes, perceptions, and opinions. Either interview or questionnaire |
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Recall (Survey) |
is provided for specific information (age and adress) |
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Recognition (Survey) |
is used for a response to specific question where options are given (multiple choice, dichotomous, and rating scale format) |
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Open-ended (Survey) |
Elicits brief explanations or impressions from respondent |
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Interview |
Is an instrument that allows the researcher to qualitatively gather data. Responses during an interview are usually open-ended |
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Pre-interview stage |
is when an interview guide is prepared and respondents are identified and contacted |
Stages of Interview |
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Warm-up stage |
Is the initial part of the interview when questions that will make respondents more at ease are said. |
SOI |
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Main interview stage |
is when the main questions directly related to the research question are given |
SOI |
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Closing stage |
Is when questions are given to mellow down the interview and respondents are acknowleged and thanked |
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Questionnaire |
is more quantifiable where it lists written questions to get specific information. |
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Personal information section |
Only relevant personal information should be asked |
Section |
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Basic questions |
Two purposes: 1.Determine the appropriate person for your research and; 2. establish rapport |
Section |
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Main questions section- |
question directly related to your research |
Section |
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Open-ended questions section |
Asks for a brief explanation or response to an open-ended question |
Section |
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Observation |
Allows the description of behavior in a naturalistic or laboratory setting. Usually, this instrument is used to cross-validate thr results of other instruments |
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Participant observation |
Allows the researcher to interact actively with the subjects or researchers immerse themselves in a group or community for a long period of time |
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Non-participant observation |
Allows the researcher to observe the subjects without interacting with them. |
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Structured observation |
Occurs when the researcher has a list of behaviors that he/she wants to observe |
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Unstructured observation |
Occurs when the researcher allows behaviors to emerge. These behaviors are then documented through an in-depth narrative account |
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Covert observation |
Occurs when the subjects are not aware that they are being observed |
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Overt observation |
Occurs when the subjects are aware that they are being observed. |
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Experiment |
is a procedure undertaken scientifically and systematically to make a discovery and to test hypothesis |
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