Reproductive System

Front 1

What are the Primary Sex organs of a male reproductive system?

Back 1

Testes, Scrotum, Penis (present @ Birth

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When does secondary sex organs appear?

Back 2

9-14 yrs old

Front 3

Reproductive secondary sex organ

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Development of accessory structure plus primary sex organ

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Integumentary secondary sex organ

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Hair follicle development on face, chest, axillary pubic areas is a sign of.

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Skeletal secondary sex characteristic

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Increase bone fact is a secondary sex characteristic of

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Muscular secondary sex characteristic

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body conformation is the secondary sex characteristic

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Respiratory secondary sex characteristic

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Enlargement of Larynx is the secondary sex characteristic

Front 8

Structure in Testes is the outer layer of testes

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Tunica vaginalis is the structure in Testes

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Structure in Testes which is made of connective tissue collagen capsule

Back 9

Tunica Albuginea is the structure in Testes

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Structure in testes is the site of spermatogenesis

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seminiferous tubules which is connected to formation of sperm

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Which structure connects semineferous tubules to rete testes

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Straight Tubules is connected to

Front 12

Straight tubules isconnected to Straight tubules

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semineferous tubules ->rete testis

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Rete testes is part of

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network as part of the testes

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Efferent Ducts a part of the testes

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connects testes to epididymis

Front 15

Interstitial cells(of Leydig) pertains to androgen production (testosterone)

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located in the semineferous tubules

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Sustentacular cells(Sertoli)provides nutrient to developing sperm

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it is within the Semineferous tubules

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Descent of the Testes

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testes develops near a kidney and through inguinal canal

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Testes enters the scrotum completing journey

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8th gestational month is themculmination of journey

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Cryptorchidism

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Testes has not reach Scrotum by birth, cannot stay in high temp.

Front 20

Spermatogenisis

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production of sperm

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Primary Spermatocytes (2n)

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Meiosis I

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Secondary spermatocytes

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Meiosis II
end up with 4 haploid(23 chromosomes

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Spermatids(haploid)

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Spermatozoa(end up with 4 haploid, no cell diffusion

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Structure of Sperm Cell

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Head contains nucleus,
Acrosomal cap - cont. Enzyme
Middle piece- mitochondria,
Tail - Flagellum

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Pathway of Sperm

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Semineferous tubules->Straight tubules->Rete Testis->Efferent ducts->Epididymis->ductus deferens->ejaculatory duct->urethra at prostate

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Spermatic cord contains

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ductus deferens,vas deferens, ductus defferentia, Testicular artery and vein nerves

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Inguinal canal

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passageway through abdominal muscle for spermatic cord
In females nerves and round ligament to uterus

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Inguinal Hernia

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intestines protrude due to weakness in abdominal wall and increase in abdominal pressure

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Hiatal Hernia

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Hernia by Diaphram

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Scrotum

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Pouch of skin and subcutaneous tissue

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Dartos muscle

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Smooth muscle in subcutaneous tissue

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Cremaster Muscle

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Deep to Dermis, Contract to pull testes closer to body

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Normal sperm development

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1.1 degree below body temperature (37 degress)

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Medial Septum

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Divides Scrotum in two chambers

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Chambers lined with serous membrane

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Tunica vaginalis

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chamber houses

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testis and epididymis

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Penis as a tubular organ

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Distal part of urethra (penile)

Front 38

Part of urogenital system (penis)

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conveys urine and semen as part of

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Root

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Attachment to body wall

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Body

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contain erectile tissue

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Glans

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distal end, surrounds urethral meatus

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Prepuce

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Foreskin

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Corpora Cavernosa

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2 cylinders of erectile tissue

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Corpora Spongiosum

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one cylinder, contains penile urethra

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Epididymis (peritoneal)

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Tightly coiled tubules

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Promotes maturation of Sperm

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Epididymis

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Vasa Deferentia

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Muscular tube that pushes sperm by peristaltic contractions and by PSCCE (Cilia)

Front 48

45 cm, can be stored for months

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vasa deferentia extends epididymis to ejaculatory duct

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Accessory Organs Includes

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Seminal vesicles, Prostate gland and bulbourethral gland are the type

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Functions of accessory organs

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activates sperm, provides nourishment, propels semen, provides buffer

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Seminal vesicles

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attached to vas deferens near base of posterior urinary bladder

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Secretes alkalin fluid, and contents empty into ejaculatory duct

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Seminal vesicles

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prostate gland

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Surrounds proximal part of urethra, ducts of glands open to urethra, secretes a thin milky, alkaline fluid, which enhances mobility

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Bulbourethral Gland

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Inferior to prostate gland, secretes mucos like fluid, response to sexual stimulation, 5% of semen

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Semen

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2-5 ml per ejaculation which contains sperm cell along w/ secetion, slightly alkaline

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<20-50 million sperm cells

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Infertile

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Erection

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Parasympathetic nerve impulses
blood accumulates in erectile tissue

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Orgasm

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culmination of sexual stimulation, w/ emission and ejaculation

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Ejaculation

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Emission - movement of semen into urethra, largely sympathetic nerves

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Hypothalamus

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control maturation of sperm,development of male secondary sex characteristics

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Negative Feedback

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among the hypothalamus, anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

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testes controls concentration

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Testosterone

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GnRH

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Gonatropin releasing hormone

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Stimulates FSH and Lh from anterior pituitary gland

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GnRH

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FSH

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Follicle Stimulating hormone

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LH

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Leutinin Hormone

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Initiates Spermatogenesis

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Follicle Stimulating Hormone

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Stimulate Sustantacular cells

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Inhibin - also inhibits FSH and GnRH

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LH stimulates interstitial cells

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Testosterone

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Testosterone

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ecretes androgen, stimulate spermatogenesis, sperm maturation, stimulates metabolism, sex drive, 2nd sex character, maintanance

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Inhibin

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from Sustentacular cells, inhibits secretion of fh and GnRH, regulates rate of spermatogenesis

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Prostate enlargement

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Benign prostatic hypertrophy-over 50

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risk factor for BPH

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fat diet, vasectomy, exposure to environ. factors, inherited gene for breast cancer are factors

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Treatment for BPH

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Surgical removal, Drugs, balloon in urethra, freezing tumor, stent between lobes of prostate

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Prostate cancer

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Malignant condition , detected by PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen)