Renal - Starling Forces

Front 1

Hydrostatic pressure inside the glomerular capillaries →

Back 1

Promotes filtration

Front 2

Hydrostatic pressure in Bowman’s capsule outside the capillaries →

Back 2

Opposes filtration

Front 3

Colloid osmotic pressure of the glomerular capillary plasma proteins →

Back 3

Opposes filtration

Front 4

Colloid osmotic pressure of the proteins in Bowman’s capsule →

Back 4

Promotes filtration

Front 5

Increase in capillary hydrostatic pressure

Back 5

= increase filtration

Front 6

Increase in oncotic

Back 6

= decrease filtration

Front 7

As plasma albumin drops

Back 7

= increase GFR

Front 8

GFR is proportional to

Back 8

renal blood flow, which is regulated at a relatively constant rate over a wide range of perfusion pressures due to autoregulation (GFR should stay relatively constant so the tubules are not dealing with widely varying amounts of fluid to reabsorb)

Front 9

GFR is also proportional to

Back 9

the number of functioning nephrons

Front 10

GFR is regulated by....

Back 10

Starling forces, in particular by the relative resistance across afferent and efferent arterioles controlling Pcap

Front 11

Increased afferent arteriole resistance....

Back 11

.....decreases renal blood flow AND decreases GFR; increased efferent arteriole resistance decreases renal blood flow but maintains GFR

Front 12

GFR is accurately measured by a compound called insulin. The insulin is infused intravenously and appearance is measured in the urine.

The clearance formula used is:

Back 12

The clearance formula used is:
C = U (insulin) x Volume / P (insulin)

Front 13

Decrease filtration coefficient = renal disease, DM, HTN

Back 13

For many disease as you lose nephrons you lose glomerular filtration coefficient and lose surface area of the functioning nephrons

Front 14

Increase Bowman’s capsule hydrostatic pressure = Urinary tract obstruction (kidney stones)

Back 14

Stop making urine completely you will not have any GFR on side with stones

o Urine backs up to the ureters, into the nephrons, distal tubule, loop of henle, and ultimately backs up into Bowman’s capsule until hydrostatic pressure in the capsule is so high that it wont allow any glomerular filtration

Front 15

PERFECTION: Automatic
Main Type Only

Back 15

PMSI in CONSUMER GOODS
Note: PMSI in inventory or equipment must be filed.