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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Progression of cells from peripheral seminiferous epithelium to the center?
Histology of Sertoli cells? |
Spermatogonium
Primary spermatocyte Secondary spermatocyte Early spermatid late spermatid pale oval nucleus, prominent nucleolus, poor margins, occluding junctions |
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Fxn of Sertoli cells? (4)
Why do Sertoli cells need to protect the sperm cells? Which spermatogonia group form the primary spermatocytes? |
physical support
phagocytosis secretion - sperm transport fluid, ABP, inhibin, MIS, activin nutrition prevent sperm from provoking an immune response B group (Ad --> Ap --> B) |
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Primary spermatocytes:
Chromosome #/DNA? Primary spermatogenesis ends with: How long does Meiosis I take, usually? Most primary spermatocytes are seen in __________. T/F: Primary spermatocytes are the biggest sperm cells. Histology? |
46/4N - diploid, tetraploid DNA
Meiosis I --> Secondary spermatocytes? Meiosis I - 22 days Prophase True chromosomes in different stages of coiling |
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Product of second meiosis division?
Chromosome/DNA number? Histology? |
Spermatids
Haploid - 23/1N small cells, heterochromatic nuclei, closer to lumen |
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Final product of spermiogenesis?
Location? Histology? Chromosome/DNA number? |
Spermatozoa
In the lumen of seminiferous tubules Dark flattened nuclei, long flagella haploid - 23/1N |
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Spermatozoa:
During _______ phase, ventrioled migrate posteriorly. ___________ granules form vesicles over anterior nucleus. Phase in which a specialized lysosome forms over nucleus: |
Golgi phase
Proacrosome Cap phase |
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What happens in the acrosome phase?
Band of microtubules that surround nucleus? Describe maturation of sperm: Structure of sperm from head to tail: |
Flagellum emerges from 1 centriole to form tail (axoneme), other 9 centrioles form rings around axoneme
manchette excess cytoplasm lost as residual body, spermatozoa released to lumen acrosome, nucleus, mitochondria, flagellum |
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No dynein arms, immotile cilia syndrome:
Secrete testosterone on stimulation by LH: Histology of Leydig cells? |
Kartagener's
Leydig cells steroid secreting, pale acidophilic cytoplasm, large pale nuclei, 1-2 prominent nucleoli, between seminiferous tubules |
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What connects seminiferous tubules to the efferent ductules?
What kind of epithelium? Histology of efferent ducts? Which cells absorb testicular fluid? |
Straight tubules, Rete testis
Low cuboidal 10-20 ducts connecting rete testes to epidydimis, mixed epithelium - tall ciliated columnar, low cuboidal, undulating epithelium low cuboidal epithelium |
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Epidydimis:
Epithelium type? Cilia or not? sheath made of: __________ push sperm to vas deferens. |
pseudostratified ciliated columnar
yes- stereocilia smooth muscle peristaltic contractions |
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Histological differences between ductus deferens and epidydimis?
Duct of _________ joins the ductus deferens to make the ejaculatory duct. Sympathetic innervation of ductus deferens? |
fewer stereocilia, NARROW LUMEN, three layers of smooth muscle
seminal vesicle within cord: T12-L1 through inf. hypogastric plexus Intrapelvis ducts: L1-2 |
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Seminal vesicles separated from rectum by:
What's in the fluid? Borders of prostate? (sup, inf, lat, ant, post) |
rectovesical pouch, rectovesical septum
alkaline, viscous, rich in fructose, citrate, PG's, proteins for coagulation Sup: neck of bladder Inf: perineal membrane Lat: levator ani Ant: retropubic space Post: rectovesical septum/space |
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Prostatic veins empty into:
Prostate surrounded by: Prostate secretes: What regulates secretions? |
internal iliac veins
high vascular capsule of DICT, smooth muscle 30% seminal fluid sperm nutrients Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) proteases - PSA, fibrinolysin DHT |
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What is PSA?
Histologic feature of prostate? 4 zones? |
serine protease - liquegies seminal coagulum formed with ejaculation (increased motility)
Corpora amylacea - lamellated bodies - form by precipitated secretions Peripheral, central, transitional, periurethral |
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T/F: prostate cancer usually blocks urine flow.
Central zone prostate comes from: Which zone does BPH happen? Describe pathology of BPH/prostate ca: |
False
mesonephric ducts transition zone blockage --> increased detrusor tone --> weakened bladder tone --> diverticula form --> reflux --> UTI's, etc |
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Bulbourethral glands open into:
location? PNS/SNS/Somatic? Erection: Secretion: Emission: Ejaculation: |
spongy urethra
superior to perineal membrane, embedded in urethral sphincter Erection: PNS Secretion: PNS Emission: SNS Ejactulation: Somatic |
