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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What cytokine promotes class switching to IgE? (context of latex exposure then hypersensitivity)
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IL-4; HOT Tbone stEAk; produced by Th2
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Pt w/IL-12 receptor deficiency has recurrent infections, how to tx?
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IFN-gamma; both TH-12 & IFN-gamma stimulate the Th1 pathway; IFN-gamma is necessary for macrophage activation to kill intracellular organisms (mycobacteria in this case)
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Killed virus vaccine prevents infeciton how?
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Promotes humoral response (as opposed to cytotoxic), antibodies prevent entry into the cell;
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Salk vs Sabin - which is live which is killed?
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salK = Killed, & is sulking about it; sabin is live, savin' lives
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Delayed separation of umbilical cord; indolent skin infections & gingivitis
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Leukocyte Adhesion Defect; (decreased expression of integrins) - think umbilical cord adheres, problems with ADHESION
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Difference between Myeloperoxidase deficiency & CGD
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CGD lacks NADPH oxidase, but some organisms produce their own hydrogen peroxide so Myeloperoxide creates free radicals and kills; if myeloperoxide is deficient however, neither catalase pos nor neg organisms will be killed
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4 yo male recurrent skin/resp infections; light skin silvery hair; horizontal nystagmus, monocyte & neutrophils have giant cytoplasmic granules
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Chediak-Higashi; phagasome-lysosomal fusion defect, neurological abnormalities & partial albinism - (abnl melanin storage in melanocytes)
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Severe reaction to O negative blood, what happened?
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Selective Ig deficiency; IgA deficient is most common, must give blood products lacking IgA
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newborn - hemoglobin level 6; many nucleated erythrocytes, autopsy shows many sites of extramedullary hematopoiesis
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erythroblastosis fetalis; materinal IgG against fetal RBC (Type II hypersensitivity); Tx - during pregnancy anti-RhD, after birth exchange transfusion
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How long until infants immune systems mature and can produce Ig?
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~6 months; in firsrt 6 months infants are dependent on maternal IgG
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18 month old infant several resp infections, thrombocytopenia, eczematous rash?
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Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome; TIE (thrombocytopenia, infections, eczema) - T & B cell deficiency; X-linked
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effect of corticosteroids on neutrophils?
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increased neutrophils; caused by "demargination"
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liver transplant - develops desquamating rash & bloody diarrhea, why?
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Graft T-cells (from liver) attacking host (Graft vs Host Dz)
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43 yo white man mm wkness worst in shoulders/hips; trouble getting out of chair & brushing hair; increased sarcolemma MHC I & CD8+ lymphocyte infiltration; what is it?
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Polymyositis; (increased CK & anti-Jo); immune mediated inflammatory myopathy triggered by unknown, possibly viral, antigen (possibly mm injury results in antigens taken up by macrophages & presented as foreign)
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Proximal mm weakness = ?
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Polymyositis
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Eaton Lambert
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paraneoplastic (small cell lung cancer); mm weakness improving w/activity; antibodies against presynaptic Ca channels
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bilateral stiffness of shoulder/pelvic girdle mm, fever, weight loss, increased ESR
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Polymyalgia rheumatica
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Palpable skin lesions, abdominal pain, arthralgias, renal involvement
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Henloch-Schonlein Purpura; MCC vasculitis in 3-10 yo, IgA immune complexes (antigen stim of bacteria/virus precedes); "leukocytoclastic vasculitis"
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non-gonnococcal urethritis, conjunctivitis, & arthritis - what is this? What is it likely to be associated with?
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Reiter's syndrome (classic triad); sacroilitis; MCC asymmetric arthretis of lower extremities in young men; associated w/GU or GI infection; HLA-B27 associated; Chlamydia, Salmonella, Shigella, campylobacter, or Yersinia associated
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Curschmann's spirals
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asthma; shed epithelium from mucous plugs
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