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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Time structure
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are for those types of residual messages that span a series of time, give direction about how to do stuff
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Space structure
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shoud be used when a residual message shows a group of parts and how they make up a whole.
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Classification structure
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may be used for any topic for which you arbitrarily impose structure
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Comparison structure
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used when things or events are compared and alleged to be similar
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Contrast structure
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used when two things or events are compared and alleged to be different
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Cause/Effect structure
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used to show the relationships among things and/or events in which it is alleged that are brought about another, or one logically eminated from another
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Problem-Solution structure
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there is a problem and solution
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Anything other than the speaker used to clarify key points by appealing to audiences senses
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Visual Aides
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Credibility
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how we became interested in the topic, how we developed our expertise, where we get sources
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Listening Rational
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give the audience reasons why we should listen
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Informative speech (purpose)
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to explain or describe something in such a way the audience understands the way you want them to
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Type of speech which is delivered with little or no immediate prepartion
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Impromptu speech
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Type of speech where you come across as reading rather than talking with
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Reading
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Type of speech which is carefully prepared and practiced in advance
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Extemporaneous speech
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Persuasive speech (purpose)
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Bring your audience to a decison that is hopefully yours
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Monroe's Motivated Sequence
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1. Get audience's attention
2. Establish need for change 3. Talk about how your proposed solution will satisfy the problem 4. What will change if you do what I say 5. Call for action |
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Ethos
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credibility, perceptions of our character, intelligence, and goodwill
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Pathos
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emotional appeals, works well with people that already believe
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Logos
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"the word". A way to organize ideas so others understand them. How to argue/persuade
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2 kinds of proof
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Artistic and Inartistic
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Leadership styles
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Authority w/o discussion, authority after discussion, expert decisions, majority control, averaging individual opinions, consensus
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That one part of the speech that people will remember
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Residual Message
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Time questions/examples
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Where does it come from? How does it work?
Ex. to get a job you have to develop resume, secure interview, etc. |
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Space questions/examples
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Where is it? How does it look?
Ex. 3 parts of a hot air balloon |
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Classification questions/examples
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How can a thing be divided?
Ex. 3 types of shows, comedy, drama, soap opera |
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Comparison questions/examples
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What is it like?
Ex. Hilary Clinton is a presidential candidate |
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Contrast questions/examples
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What does it differ from? Are there things that it looks like, but is actually different?
Ex. The problems in New Jersey differ from those in PA |
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Cause/Effect questions/examples
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What caused it? What does it mean?
Ex. TV ads increase sales |
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Problem-Solution questions/examples
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Ex. there are 3 solutions to the problem of getting physically fit
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Vocal things to do
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Vary pitch, change rate, effective pausing, loudness
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How to make a good conclusion
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Signal the end, reinforce the central idea with a summarization, a quote, a dramatic statement, or referring to the introduction
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Audience analysis factors
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Gender, age, sexual orientation, racial/ethnic/cultural background, size, knowledge
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