Psychology Test One Review

Front 1

Reticular Activating System

Back 1

attention and arousal

Front 2

Pons

Back 2

-sleeping, dreaming, wakefulness
-Connects 2 halves of cerebellem

Front 3

Medula

Back 3

-base of brain stem
-automatic functions (breating, heartbeat)

Front 4

Cerebellum

Back 4

-"Little Brain"
-balance and coordination

Front 5

Midbrain

Back 5

target visual and auditory stimuli

Front 6

Thalamus

Back 6

relay center for senses

Front 7

Corpus Callosum

Back 7

band of neural fibers that connect 2 halves of brain

Front 8

Cerebral Cortex

Back 8

-outer edge of cerebrum(thinking occurs)
-grey matter(densely packed neurons)

Front 9

Cerebrum

Back 9

-top part of brain
-wrinkled for more surface area for neurons
-2 halves

Front 10

Hypothalamus

Back 10

-below thalamus
-hunger, thirst, sex drive, body temp

Front 11

Olfactory Bulb

Back 11

processes smells

Front 12

3 General Parts of Brain

Back 12

Hindbrain, midbrain, forebrain

Front 13

Psychology

Back 13

scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Front 14

Three Broad Areas of Psy

Back 14

Clinical Psy
Applied Psy
Experimental Psy

Front 15

Clinical Psy (general field)

Back 15

-clinical, counseling, school psychologists
-perform testing and therapy for diagnosis

Front 16

Clinical Psychologists

Back 16

study serious mental illness

Front 17

Counseling Psychologists

Back 17

individuals with adjustment problems

Front 18

School Psychologists

Back 18

usually elementary school psychologists

Front 19

Other Clinicians(broad field)

Back 19

-Psychiatrist
-MSW(Masters of Social Work
-Psychiatric Nurses

Front 20

Psychiatrist

Back 20

only mental health professional that can presribe medication

Front 21

MSW

Back 21

-Masters of Social Work
-perform psychiatric social work(family therapy, community change)

Front 22

Psychiatric Nurses

Back 22

work in psychiatric wards

Front 23

Applied Psy(general field)

Back 23

-researched aimed at real world problems
-work in diciplines outside psy

Front 24

4 Fields of Psychologists in Applied Psy

Back 24

-Health
-Forensics
-I/O(Industrial Organizational)
-Human Factor

Front 25

Health Psychologists

Back 25

prevention of illness

Front 26

Forensic Psychologists

Back 26

jury selection, profiling criminals

Front 27

I/O Psychologists

Back 27

-Industrial Organizational
-help companies(hiring, stress issues)

Front 28

Human Factor Psychologists

Back 28

-work with engineers with designing of products

Front 29

Experimental Psy (def)

Back 29

-usually work at colleges
-basic research
-comes before applied psy

Front 30

Experimental Psy (types)

Back 30

-Biological or Physiological
-Perception
-Developmental
-Social
-Cognitive
-Cross-Cultural
-Comparative

Front 31

Biological or Physiological Psychologists

Back 31

study relationships between behavior and biology (subject=animals)

Front 32

Perception Psychologists

Back 32

study how we pick up incoming stimuli and organize it

Front 33

Developmental Psychologists

Back 33

study human development over time (infant to adult)

Front 34

Social Psychologists

Back 34

study how human adults interact

Front 35

Cognitive Psychologists

Back 35

study how humans think and problem solve

Front 36

Cross-Cultural Psychologists

Back 36

study how psychological issue vary by culture

Front 37

Comparative Psychologists

Back 37

study how psy factors compare across species (primates)

Front 38

Science

Back 38

humble and skeptical concideration of competing ideas

Front 39

3 Assumptions of Science

Back 39

-order to nature(therefore events are predictable)
-derterminism(everything has a cause)
-empirical(knowledge gained through senses)

Front 40

4 Steps of the Scientific Method

Back 40

-Define a hypothesis
-Collect data
-Draw conclusions
-Write up results

Front 41

IV

Back 41

-independent variable
-variable that researchers manipulate(give to some not to others)

Front 42

DV

Back 42

-dependent variable
-variable that researchers measure

Front 43

Operationalize our variables

Back 43

define variables by how we'll measure them

Front 44

Experimental Group

Back 44

recieves IV

Front 45

Control Group

Back 45

does not recieve IV

Front 46

3 Means of Data Collection(Non-Experimental)

Back 46

-natural observations
-survey
-case study
(all produce descriptive data)

Front 47

Natural Observation

Back 47

observe subjects in their natural habitat

Front 48

Survey Data Collection

Back 48

questionaires that are administered to a large number of subjects

Front 49

Case Study

Back 49

observe 1 subject in-depth

Front 50

Descriptive Data

Back 50

allows us to make predictions but never causal statements

Front 51

Correlational Study

Back 51

how variables relate to each other(never make causal statements)

Front 52

Bruno Bettelheim

Back 52

-wrote empty fortress
-children with autism
-mothers had depression, thought it was connected

Front 53

Lewis (1998)

Back 53

-TGA(Transent global amnesia)
-effects short term memory(temporal lobe)

Front 54

Biological Psy

Back 54

how behavior is related to functioning of brain and nervous system

Front 55

2 Main parts of Nervous System

Back 55

-CNS(central nervous system)
-PNS(Peripherual Nervous system)

Front 56

CNS

Back 56

-central nervous system
-brain and spinal cord

Front 57

PNS

Back 57

-peripherual nervous system

Front 58

2 Types of PNS

Back 58

-somatic motor system(carries info to skin, joints, muscles)
-autonomic nervous system(carries info to automatic body parts, heart, lungs, kidneys)

Front 59

Neurons

Back 59

individual nerve cells in brain

Front 60

6 Parts of a Neuron

Back 60

-soma
-dendrites
-axon
-myelin sheath
-terminal buttons
-synapse

Front 61

Soma

Back 61

-life center of neuron
-integrates incoming information
-decides whether or not to send info to other neurons

Front 62

Dendrites

Back 62

-branch like fibers
-antennas of a neuron
-recieve information for the neuron

Front 63

Axon

Back 63

-tree like structure
-carries info away from neuron

Front 64

Myelin Sheath

Back 64

-white matter of brain
-speeds up neural transmission of neurons
-prevents signal interference with other neurons

Front 65

Terminal Buttons

Back 65

vessicles that store chemicals at the end of the axon

Front 66

Synapse

Back 66

gap between neurons

Front 67

Neural Communication

Back 67

Electrochemical process

Front 68

Electrical Process

Back 68

how info gets sent down one neuron

Front 69

Resting potential

Back 69

electrical charge of cell is at rest (- inside + outside)

Front 70

Firing Threshold

Back 70

inside of neuron is not positively charged

Front 71

Action Potential

Back 71

electrical charge or neural impulse(cell fires)

Front 72

All or None Law

Back 72

action potential will either fire or not(doesn't go half way)

Front 73

Chemical Process

Back 73

-communication between cells
-cell firing stimulates buttons to dump NTs

Front 74

Neurotransmitters (NT)

Back 74

chemicals that are stored at ends of axon

Front 75

2 Types of Neurotransmitter Stimulation

Back 75

-excitatory NT(more likely to tell cells to fire)
-inhibitory NT(tells cells not to fire or slow down)

Front 76

GABA

Back 76

inhibitory NT(tells cells not to fire or slow down)

Front 77

Agonist

Back 77

substance that mimics a NT (etc GABA)

Front 78

Antagonist

Back 78

substance that blocks receptor sites for NTs

Front 79

ACH(NT)

Back 79

-achetlycholine
-muscle movement
-curare(poison dart) and botulism are antagonists for ACH

Front 80

Serotonin NT

Back 80

peace, well-being, concentration

Front 81

Dopamine NT

Back 81

-DA
-energy, alertness, aggression
-too much DA(paranoid)

Front 82

limbic system

Back 82

emotions(pleasure center)

Front 83

Hippocampus(limbic system)

Back 83

memory stores new info

Front 84

amygdala(limbic system)

Back 84

-emotions
-depression