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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Left hemispherr |
Language center |
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Interpreter effect |
Make sense of world |
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Right hemisphetr |
Handles spatial tasks Experiences world |
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Roger sherry |
Corpus callosum surgically cut or removed |
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Subjective |
Everyone is experiencing things differently -we cannot know if two people experience the world in exactly the same way -people can be conscious even when they appear not to be |
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Automatic task |
Driving, walking, catching a baseball |
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Controlled processing |
Helps us perform complex or unfamiliar tasks Driving in fog |
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Extreme states |
Conditions of impaired consciousness |
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Minimally conscious state |
Deliberate movement and communication are possible Jan Grzebski- woke up after 19 year coma |
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Persistent vegetative state |
Full coma that lasts more than a month Brain can sometimes still process information Normal brain activity dose not occur Terri- 15 year Vegetative state |
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Freudian slip |
An unconscious thought expressed at an inappropriate moment |
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Subliminal perception |
Processing information by sensory systems without conscious awareness |
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Altered state of consciousness Not fully aware of environment |
Tasks that are deeply absorbing (games,books) Sleep Hypnosis Mediation Drugs |
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Stages of sleep |
Stage 1: Characterized by rapid, low-amplitude brain waves (Theta waves) Stage 2: Slower, more regular wave patterns Sleep spindles Stage 3: Higher peaks and lower valleys of waves (delta waves) Stage 4: Slower and more regular, least responsive to outside stimulation |
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As sleep becomes deeper brain waves take on a slower wave patter |
Fast-slow Beta waves Alpha waves Theta waves Delta waves |
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REM sleep |
Rapid Eye Movement -back and fourth movement of ones eyes -every 90 minutes (approx) -accompanied by dreams -muscles appear to be paralyzed |
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Restoration |
Sleep increases after physical activity Growth hormones secreted in sleep Strengthens the immune system |
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Restoration and sleep deprivation - Peter tripp |
1959 wakeathon - 201 hours without sleep |
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Facilitation of learning |
REM promotes development of brain circuits for learning Unconscious processing of problems can lead to superior solutions (dijiksterhuis 2004) |
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Fun facts |
Students experience more REM sleep during exam time Students who pull all-nighters have reduced activity in hippocampus the next day |
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Unconscious wish fulfillment |
-sigmund Freud Manifests- how dreamer remembers it Latent content - symbolization |
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Evolved threat-rehearsal |
Reconsider and reprocess information that is critical for ones daily survival - cope with waking events |
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Activation - synthesis |
Brain produces random electrical energy during REM, which stimulates random memories that are turned into a storyline |
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Lucid dreaming |
Can actually change your dream Control actions, content, context Occurs almost exclusively during REM In some research studies people have actually been able to indicate their in a lucid dream Other research is looking at how practice in dreams can improve waking performances |
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Sleep disturbances |
Insomnia Sleep apnea - sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) -Narcolepsy -REM behavioral disorder -Sleep talking/Sleep Walking -Night Terrors |
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Sleep better |
Exercise during the day Choose a regular bedtime and stick to it Avoid drinking with caffeine after lunch Drink a glass of warm milk at bedtime Avoid sleeping pills Try not to sleep |
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Hypnosis |
Trancelike state of heightened susceptibility to the suggestions of others |
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Characteristics of hypnosis |
Characteristics: -planning cease -attention more selective -imagery and fantasy evoked - reality distortion is accepted -can experience change in memory and perception -have to be willing and cooperative -posthypnotic amnesia -susceptibility varies greatly ~ only 15% |
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Hypnosis different uses |
Controlling pain: -helping recovery after surgery -hypnosis doesn’t reduce the sensation of pain, but rather alters our interpretation (perception) of it Reduce smoking or changing behavior: -every time you smell cigarette smoke you feel the urge to vomit -positive changes hypnosis Treating psychological disorder Assisting in law enforcement -how accurate is this information Improving athletic performance -sports psychology |
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Meditation |
A mental procedure that focuses attention on an external object or on a sense of awareness |
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Concentration meditation |
Focus on breathing |
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Mindfulness meditation |
Inner voice |
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Meditation physical effects |
Lower respiration Decrease oxygen consumption Heart rate lowered Blood flow stabilizes EEG changes - more alpha waves |
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Psychoactive drugs |
Influences a persons emotions, perceptions, and behavior - changes the brains neurochemistry |
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Addictive drugs |
Produce a biological or psychological dependence in the user |
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Stimulants: drug highs |
Drugs whose effect on the central nervous system causes a rise in heart rate, blood pressure, and muscular tension -caffeine -nicotine -methamphetamine -cocaine (Increase release of dopamine) (Increase liking/ reward) |
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Depressants: Drug lows |
Impedes the nervous system by causing neurons to fire more slowly - alcohol Intoxication Binge drinking |
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Opiates |
Type of depressants that produce feeling of relaxation and euphoria -morphine -heroin -codeine |
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Hallucinogens |
Produces hallucinations, or changes in the perceptual process MDMA (Ectasy) Lusergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) |
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Marijuana |
Most widely used illicit drug Not easily categorized as a stimulant, depressant, or hallucinogen Produces a relaxed, contented mood, more vivid perceptions
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Psychoactive ingredient THC |
Cannabanoid receptors -alters pain reception and impacts memory (many receptors located in hippocampus) -medical use is controversial |
